Programmed Cell Death in Developing Brachypodium distachyon Grain
| Autor: | Safia Saada, Charles U. Solomon, Sinéad Drea |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Programmed cell death
animal structures QH301-705.5 Apoptosis Catalysis Article Endosperm Inorganic Chemistry Anthesis otorhinolaryngologic diseases Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Brachypodium distachyon Biology (General) Ovule Molecular Biology Gene programmed cell death QD1-999 Spectroscopy Phylogeny Triticum Plant Proteins cereals biology Processing enzymes Organic Chemistry food and beverages Hordeum Oryza General Medicine biology.organism_classification Computer Science Applications Cell biology respiratory tract diseases grains Cysteine Endopeptidases Chemistry Seeds Brachypodium proteases Edible Grain |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 9086, p 9086 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences Volume 22 Issue 16 |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | The normal developmental sequence in a grass grain entails the death of several maternal and filial tissues in a genetically regulated process termed programmed cell death (PCD). The progression and molecular aspects of PCD in developing grains have been reported for domesticated species such as barley, rice, maize and wheat. Here, we report a detailed investigation of PCD in the developing grain of the wild model species Brachypodium distachyon. We detected PCD in developing Brachypodium grains using molecular and histological approaches. We also identified in Brachypodium the orthologs of protease genes known to contribute to grain PCD and surveyed their expression. We found that, similar to cereals, PCD in the Brachypodium nucellus occurs in a centrifugal pattern following anthesis. However, compared to cereals, the rate of post-mortem clearance in the Brachypodium nucellus is slower. However, compared to wheat and barley, mesocarp PCD in Brachypodium proceeds more rapidly in lateral cells. Remarkably, Brachypodium mesocarp PCD is not coordinated with endosperm development. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that barley and wheat possess more vacuolar processing enzymes that drive nucellar PCD compared to Brachypodium and rice. Our expression analysis highlighted putative grain-specific PCD proteases in Brachypodium. Combined with existing knowledge on grain PCD, our study suggests that the rate of nucellar PCD moderates grain size and that the pattern of mesocarp PCD influences grain shape. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|