Long-term loss in extent and current protection of terrestrial ecosystem diversity in the temperate and tropical Americas
Autor: | Patrick J. Comer, Regan L. Smyth, Carmen Josse, Jon C. Hak |
---|---|
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Conservation of Natural Resources Rainforest 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Forest Ecology Science Biodiversity Ecological Parameter Monitoring Social Sciences Land cover Plant Science Forests Human Geography 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Ecosystems Ecosystem services Land Use IUCN Red List Ecosystem Plant Communities 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Conservation Science Tropical Climate Multidisciplinary Land use Ecology Geography Plant Dispersal Plant Ecology Ecology and Environmental Sciences Biology and Life Sciences Terrestrial Environments Grasslands Earth Sciences Medicine Terrestrial ecosystem Americas Protected area Temperate Forests Research Article |
Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 6, p e0234960 (2020) PLoS ONE |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
Popis: | Documenting changes in ecosystem extent and protection is essential to understanding status of biodiversity and related ecosystem services and have direct applications to measuring Essential Biodiversity Variables, Targets under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and IUCN Red List of Ecosystems. We developed both potential and current distribution maps of terrestrial ecosystem types for the temperate and tropical Americas; with "potential" estimating where a type would likely occur today had there not been prior land conversion for modern land uses. We utilized a hierarchical classification to describe and map natural ecosystem types at six levels of thematic detail, with lower thematic levels defining more units each with narrower floristic range than upper levels. Current land use/land cover was derived using available global data on human land use intensity and combined with the potential distribution maps to estimate long-term change in extent for each ecosystem type. We also assessed representation of ecosystem types within protected areas as defined by IUCN I-VI land status categories. Of the 749 ecosystem types assessed, represented at 5th (n = 315) vs. 6th (n = 433) levels of the classification hierarchy, 5 types (1.6%) and 31 types (7.1%), respectively, have lost >90% of their potential extent. Some 66 types (20.9%) and 141 types (32.5%), respectively, have lost >50% of their potential extent; thus, crossing thresholds of Vulnerable status under IUCN Red List criterion A3. For ecosystem type representation within IUCN protected area classes, with reference to potential extent of each type, 111 (45.3%) and 125 (28.8%) of types, respectively, have higher representation (>17%) than CBD 2020 targets. Twelve types (3.8%) and 23 (5.3%) of types, respectively, are represented with |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
Externí odkaz: | |
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje | K zobrazení výsledku je třeba se přihlásit. |