Acute systemic and lung inflammation in C57Bl/6J mice after intratracheal aspiration of particulate matter from small-scale biomass combustion appliances based on old and modern technologies

Autor:	Oskari Uski, Pasi Jalava, Joachim Kelz, Mikko S. Happo, Thomas Brunner, Maija-Riitta Hirvonen, Ingwald Obernberger, Jorma Jokiniemi
Rok vydání:	2012
Předmět:	Male Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Chemical composition Physiology Inflammation Toxicology C57bl 6j Risk Assessment Heating Mice medicine Animals small-scale wood combustion Biomass Cooking particulate matter Inhalation Exposure Lung medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Interleukin Equipment Design Pneumonia Particulates Wood SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities Mice Inbred C57BL Bronchoalveolar lavage medicine.anatomical_structure inflammation Biomass combustion Acute Disease Cytokines Tumor necrosis factor alpha Inflammation Mediators medicine.symptom business Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Biomarkers
Zdroj:	Uski, O J, Happo, M S, Jalava, P I, Brunner, T, Kelz, J, Obernberger, I, Jokiniemi, J & Hirvonen, M-R 2012, ' Acute systemic and lung inflammation in C57Bl/6J mice after intratracheal aspiration of particulate matter from small-scale biomass combustion appliances based on old and modern technologies ', Inhalation Toxicology, vol. 24, no. 14, pp. 952-965 . https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2012.742172
ISSN:	1091-7691 0895-8378
Popis:	Inflammation is regarded as an important mechanism behind mortality and morbidity experienced by cardiorespiratory patients exposed to urban air particulate matter (PM). Small-scale biomass combustion is an important source of particulate air pollution. In this study, we investigated association between inflammatory responses and chemical composition of PM(1) emissions from seven different small-scale wood combustion appliances representing old and modern technologies. Healthy C57Bl/6J mice were exposed by intratracheal aspiration to single dose (10 mg/kg) of particulate samples. At 4 and 18 h after the exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as serum was collected for subsequent analyses of inflammatory indicators (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-10; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)) in multiplexing assay. When the responses to the PM(1) samples were compared on an equal mass basis, the PM from modern technology appliances increased IL-6, KC, and IL-1β levels significantly in BALF at 4 and 18 h after the exposure. In contrast, these responses were seen only at 4 h time point in serum. Increased cytokine concentrations correlated with metal-rich ash related compounds which were more predominant in the modern technology furnaces emissions. These particles induced both local and systemic inflammation. Instead, polycyclic hydrocarbon (PAH) rich PM(1) samples from old technology (OT) evoked only minor inflammatory responses. In conclusion, the combustion technology largely affects the toxicological and chemical characteristics of the emissions. The large mass emissions of old combustion technology should be considered, when evaluating the overall harmfulness between the appliances. However, even the small emissions from modern technologies may pose significant toxic risks.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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