Leptospira spp. in Small Mammals from Areas with Low and High Human Hantavirus Incidences in South-West Germany
| Autor: | Christoph Albrecht, Martin Pfeffer, Christiane Wagner-Wiening, Jens Jacob, Christian Imholt, Rainer G. Ulrich, Stephan Drewes, Hendrik Turni, Anna Obiegala, Maysaa Dafalla, Carolin Oltersdorf |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Hantavirus Infections 030231 tropical medicine Microbiology West germany 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Leptospira Virology Germany Zoonoses medicine Nephropathia epidemica Animals Humans Leptospirosis Hantavirus biology Arvicolinae Shrews Murinae medicine.disease biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Hantavirus Infection |
| Zdroj: | Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.). 17(5) |
| ISSN: | 1557-7759 |
| Popis: | Leptospirosis is caused by Leptospira spp. and is considered the most widespread zoonotic disease worldwide. It mimics nephropathia epidemica in humans, a disease mainly caused by Puumala hantavirus (PUUV). Small mammals are reservoirs for Leptospira spp. and PUUV. Seewis virus (SWSV) is a shrew-borne hantavirus with unknown pathogenicity. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence for Leptospira spp. and the frequency of Leptospira-hantavirus co-infections in small mammals collected at locations with high and low incidences in humans.In 2012 and 2013, 736 small mammals belonging to seven species (Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus agrestis, Microtus arvalis, Myodes glareolus, Sorex araneus, S. coronatus, and S. minutus) were collected at four high incidence sites (H1-H4) and four low (L1-L4) incidence sites for PUUV infection in humans. Kidney-derived DNA samples were tested for Leptospira spp. by real-time PCR targeting the lipl 32 gene and further analyzed by duplex PCR targeting the flaB and the secY genes. For the detection of Seewis virus, lung-derived DNA was tested via RT-PCR targeting the nucleocapsid gene.Altogether, 42 of the 736 small mammals including 27 of 660 bank voles and 11 of 66 shrews, were positive for Leptospira spp., while Sorex spp. (14.7%) showed significantly higher prevalences compared to bank voles (4.1%). Detected Leptospira spp. were pathogenic species other than L. kirschneri. Significantly more Leptospira-positive bank voles were found at H sites than at L sites. Altogether 22.2% of positive bank voles were infected with PUUV. Double infection of PUUV and Leptospira spp. occurrence in bank voles is 1.86 times (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 0.72-4.73) more likely than infections with each pathogen separately.Leptospira- positive bank voles are focally positively associated with PUUV infection in bank voles and with human hantavirus cases. It should be considered that shrews may serve as Leptospira spp. reservoirs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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