Contributions of charcoal, tobacco, and syrup to the toxicity and particle distribution of waterpipe tobacco smoke
| Autor: | Ronnae Mailig, David DeGrood, Dylan Carmack, Hannah Stadtler, Samuel Lidsky, Sarah Coats, Cindy DeForest Hauser, Karen K. Bernd |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Water Pipe Smoking Tobacco Waterpipe Toxicology Risk Assessment Article Cell Line Humectant Hygroscopic Agents 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Smoke Animals Waterpipe Tobacco Food science Particle Size Charcoal Aerosols Cell Death Chemistry General Medicine Particulates Rats Flavoring Agents 030104 developmental biology Alveolar Epithelial Cells visual_art Acute exposure Toxicity visual_art.visual_art_medium Particle Lysosomes 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Toxicol Lett |
| ISSN: | 0378-4274 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.06.003 |
| Popis: | The use of waterpipes in the United States is increasing in a largely unregulated market. The shisha smoked in a waterpipe is a complex matrix of tobacco, flavorings, and humectant with smoke generated by an external heat source. This study explored the relationship between shisha components and the particulate matter size distributions and toxicity of smoke generated with heating. Standard waterpipe puff topography of charcoal- or electronic- heated whole shisha and shisha components generated smoke particulate matter that was characterized using a TSI Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer. Relative toxicity of the whole smoke was determined via measurement of lysosomal integrity and measures of membrane integrity following acute exposure of type II alveolar cells at the air-liquid interface. All waterpipe aerosols exhibited a unimodal particle size distribution, the peak and concentration of which varied depending upon the shisha components present. Acute exposure to charcoal-heated whole shisha, flavoring syrup, or humectant smoke, or electronic-heated whole shisha smoke caused significant alveolar cell damage and death, indicating neither tobacco nor charcoal are needed for these cytotoxic effects to occur. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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