Atypically high influence of subcortical activity on primary sensory regions in autism

Autor: Luigi Lorenzini, Guido van Wingen, Leonardo Cerliani
Přispěvatelé: Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Adult Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
ASD
autism spectrum disorder
Sensory processing
genetic structures
Brain activity and meditation
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Cognitive Neuroscience
medicine.medical_treatment
Autism
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics
R858-859.7
Brain maturation
Primary sensory cortex
Sensory system
behavioral disciplines and activities
MRS
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
DCM
dynamic causal modelling
Subcortical nuclei
BMA
Bayesian model average
Cortex (anatomy)
mental disorders
medicine
Humans
Radiology
Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Attention
Brain effective connectivity
Autistic Disorder
RC346-429
BMR
Bayesian model reduction
Brain Mapping
TD
typical development
Dynamic causal modelling
Brain
Cognition
Regular Article
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Brain Connectivity
medicine.anatomical_structure
ABIDE
Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange dataset
Neurology
SRS
Social Responsiveness Scale
Dynamic Causal Modelling
Autism spectrum disorder
PEB
parametric empirical bayes
Neurology (clinical)
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
Psychology
Neuroscience
Zdroj: Neuroimage. Clinical, 32. Elsevier B.V.
NeuroImage: Clinical, 32:102839. Elsevier BV
NeuroImage : Clinical
NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 32, Iss, Pp 102839-(2021)
ISSN: 2213-1582
Popis: Highlights • The age-dependent decrease of subcortico-cortical connectivity is attenuated in ASD. • Primary sensory regions remain less segregated from subcortical activity in ASD. • This could underlie an excessive amount of sensory input relayed to the cortex.
Background Hypersensitivity, stereotyped behaviors and attentional problems in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are compatible with inefficient filtering of undesired or irrelevant sensory information at early stages of neural processing. This could stem from the persistent overconnectivity between primary sensory regions and deep brain nuclei in both children and adults with ASD – as reported by several previous studies – which could reflect a decreased or arrested maturation of brain connectivity. However, it has not yet been investigated whether this overconnectivity can be modelled as an excessive directional influence of subcortical brain activity on primary sensory cortical regions in ASD, with respect to age-matched typically developing (TD) individuals. Methods To this aim, we used dynamic causal modelling to estimate (1) the directional influence of subcortical activity on cortical processing and (2) the functional segregation of primary sensory cortical regions from subcortical activity in 166 participants with ASD and 193 TD participants from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE). We then specifically tested the hypothesis that the age-related changes of these indicators of brain connectivity would differ between the two groups. Results We found that in TD participants age was significantly associated with decreased influence of subcortical activity on cortical processing, paralleled by an increased functional segregation of cortical sensory processing from subcortical activity. Instead these effects were highly reduced and mostly absent in ASD participants, suggesting a delayed or arrested development of the segregation between subcortical and cortical sensory processing in ASD. Conclusion This atypical configuration of subcortico-cortical connectivity in ASD can result in an excessive amount of unprocessed sensory input relayed to the cortex, which is likely to impact cognitive functioning in everyday situations where it is beneficial to limit the influence of basic sensory information on cognitive processing, such as activities requiring focused attention or social interactions.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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