Nutritional Factors and Infectious Disease Contribute to Anemia among Pregnant Women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Tanzania
| Autor: | Ernest J.N. Urassa, Donna Spiegelman, Raymond Narh, Wafaie W. Fawzi, Gretchen Antelman, David J. Hunter, Gernard I. Msamanga |
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| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Cross-sectional study Anemia Population Medicine (miscellaneous) HIV Infections Tanzania Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Pregnancy Risk Factors Internal medicine Prevalence medicine Humans Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Pregnancy Complications Infectious education education.field_of_study Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Odds ratio medicine.disease Malnutrition Cross-Sectional Studies Pregnancy Complications Parasitic Immunology Female business Malaria |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Nutrition. 130:1950-1957 |
| ISSN: | 0022-3166 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jn/130.8.1950 |
| Popis: | The objective of this cross-sectional study was to identify risk factors for anemia among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Baseline data from 1064 women enrolled in a clinical trial on the effect of vitamin supplementation in HIV infection were examined to identify potential determinants of anemia. The mean hemoglobin (Hb) level was 94 g/L, and the prevalence of severe anemia (Hb85 g/L) was 28%; 83% of the women had Hb110 g/L. Iron deficiency and infectious disease appeared to be the predominant causes of anemia. Significant independent associations with severe anemia were observed for women with body mass index (BMI)19 kg/m(2) compared with women with BMI24 kg/m(2) [odds ratio (OR) 3.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1. 37-7.14); malaria parasite densities1000/mm(3) (OR 2.70, CI: 1. 58-4.61) compared with women with no parasites; eating soil during early pregnancy (OR 2.47, CI: 1.66-3.69); CD4+ cell count200/microL compared with CD4+ count500/microL (OR 2.70, CI: 1. 42-5.12); and serum retinol levels70 micromol/L (OR 2.45, CI: 1. 44-4.17) compared with women with retinol levels1.05 micromol/L. The most significant risk factors associated with severe anemia in this population are preventable. Public health recommendations include increasing the effectiveness of iron supplementation and malaria management during pregnancy, and providing health education messages that increase awareness of the potentially adverse nutritional consequences of eating soil during pregnancy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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