Impact of gamma-chain cytokines on T cell homeostasis in HIV-1 infection: therapeutic implications
| Autor: | Francesca Chiodi, M.-L. Gougeon |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Interleukin 2
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes medicine.medical_treatment T cell Apoptosis HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause Immune system Internal Medicine Medicine Homeostasis Humans Receptors Cytokine Cell Proliferation business.industry Interleukin-7 T lymphocyte Immunotherapy Immune dysregulation Chronic infection Cytokine medicine.anatomical_structure Anti-Retroviral Agents Immunology Chronic Disease HIV-1 Interleukin-2 business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of internal medicine. 267(5) |
| ISSN: | 1365-2796 |
| Popis: | CD4(+) T cell lymphocytes are a major target for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. During this chronic infection, CD4(+) T cell loss (induced through direct viral replication), generalized immune activation and increased susceptibility to apoptosis result in impaired T cell homeostasis with subsequent development of opportunistic infections and cancers. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has a well-defined, beneficial effect on HIV-1-related clinical outcome; however, it does not lead to normalization of immune dysregulation. In order to boost both CD4(+) T cell restoration and HIV-1 specific immunity, immunotherapy with gamma-chain cytokines has been used in HIV-1-infected patients during concomitant HAART. In this review, we summarize the role of gamma-chain cytokines, especially interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-7, in influencing T cell homeostasis and proliferation, and discuss how immunotherapy with these cytokines may be beneficial to reconstitute the T cell compartment in the context of HIV-1 infection. The intriguing results of two large trials evaluating the efficacy of IL-2 in restoring immune function during HIV-1 infection are also discussed. In addition, we consider the promises and caveats of the first phase I/II clinical trials with IL-7 in HIV-1-infected patients and the knowledge that is still lacking in the field of T cell reconstitution through gamma-chain cytokines. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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