Building Anatomically Realistic Jaw Kinematics Model from Data
| Autor: | Nathan Marshak, Daniel Sýkora, Wenwu Yang, Srikumar Ramalingam, Ladislav Kavan |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
FOS: Computer and information sciences
Computer science Physics::Medical Physics I.3.7.a I.3.5.g 02 engineering and technology Kinematics Computer Science - Graphics 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering medicine Computer vision Rigid transformation business.industry Mandible Rotation around a fixed axis 020207 software engineering Rigid body Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Autoencoder Graphics (cs.GR) Temporomandibular joint medicine.anatomical_structure Face (geometry) 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Artificial intelligence business Software |
| Popis: | This paper considers a different aspect of anatomical face modeling: kinematic modeling of the jaw, i.e., the Temporo-Mandibular Joint (TMJ). Previous work often relies on simple models of jaw kinematics, even though the actual physiological behavior of the TMJ is quite complex, allowing not only for mouth opening, but also for some amount of sideways (lateral) and front-to-back (protrusion) motions. Fortuitously, the TMJ is the only joint whose kinematics can be accurately measured with optical methods, because the bones of the lower and upper jaw are rigidly connected to the lower and upper teeth. We construct a person-specific jaw kinematic model by asking an actor to exercise the entire range of motion of the jaw while keeping the lips open so that the teeth are at least partially visible. This performance is recorded with three calibrated cameras. We obtain highly accurate 3D models of the teeth with a standard dental scanner and use these models to reconstruct the rigid body trajectories of the teeth from the videos (markerless tracking). The relative rigid transformations samples between the lower and upper teeth are mapped to the Lie algebra of rigid body motions in order to linearize the rotational motion. Our main contribution is to fit these samples with a three-dimensional nonlinear model parameterizing the entire range of motion of the TMJ. We show that standard Principal Component Analysis (PCA) fails to capture the nonlinear trajectories of the moving mandible. However, we found these nonlinearities can be captured with a special modification of autoencoder neural networks known as Nonlinear PCA. By mapping back to the Lie group of rigid transformations, we obtain parameterization of the jaw kinematics which provides an intuitive interface allowing the animators to explore realistic jaw motions in a user-friendly way. 11 pages, 16 figures |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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