The long‐term direct and indirect economic burden among Parkinson's disease caregivers in the United States
| Autor: | Kavita Sail, Pablo Martinez-Martin, Thomas S. Marshall, Dendy Macaulay, Fan Mu, Yash J. Jalundhwala, Erika Ohashi |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adult Male Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Movement disorders Parkinson's disease Time Factors Adolescent Disease Comorbidity 03 medical and health sciences Indirect costs work loss Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Cost of Illness Medicine Humans Disabled Persons Medical diagnosis Medical prescription indirect costs Research Articles business.industry Parkinson Disease Middle Aged medicine.disease United States 030104 developmental biology income Neurology Caregivers Prescription costs Absenteeism Female Neurology (clinical) direct costs medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Movement Disorders Repisalud Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) |
| ISSN: | 1531-8257 0885-3185 2506-2573 |
| Popis: | Parkinson's disease is a progressive, disabling neurodegenerative disorder associated with significant economic burden for patients and caregivers. The objective of this study was to compare the direct and indirect economic burden of Parkinson's patients' caregivers with demographically matched controls in the United States, in the 5 years after first diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Policyholders (18-64 years old) linked to a Parkinson's disease patient (≥2 diagnoses of Parkinson's disease; first diagnosis is the index date) from January 1, 1998 to March 31, 2014, were selected from a private-insurer claims database and categorized as Parkinson's caregivers. Eligible Parkinson's caregivers were matched 1:5 to policyholders with a non-Parkinson's dependent (controls). Multivariable regression adjusted for baseline characteristics estimated direct costs (all-cause insurer cost [medical and prescription] and comorbidity-related medical costs; patient out-of-pocket costs) and indirect costs (disability and medically related absenteeism costs). Income progression was also compared between cohorts. A total of 1211 eligible Parkinson's caregivers (mean age, 56 years; 54% female) were matched to 6055 controls. In adjusted analyses, Parkinson's caregivers incurred significantly higher year 1 total all-cause insurer costs ($8999 vs $7117) and medical costs ($7081 vs $5568) (both P < 0.01) and higher prescription costs (range for years 1-5, $2506-2573 vs $1405-$1687) and total out-of-pocket costs ($1259-1585 vs $902-$1192) in years 1-5 (all P < 0.01). Parkinson's caregivers had significantly higher adjusted indirect costs in years 1-3 (range for years 1-3, $2054-$2464 vs $1681-$1857; all P < 0.05) and higher cumulative income loss over 5 years ($5967 vs $2634 by year 5; P for interaction = 0.03). Parkinson's caregivers exhibited higher direct and indirect costs and greater income loss compared with matched controls. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. This study and manuscript were funded by AbbVie. The design, study conduct, and financial support for the study were provided by AbbVie. AbbVie participated in the study design, research, interpretation of data, writ- ing, reviewing, and approving the manuscript. Sí |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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