Risk perception related to COVID-19 among the Iranian general population : an application of the extended parallel process model

Autor: Zahara Sohrabi, Sirous Samei, Ali Montazeri, Parvin Reihani, Leila Jahangiry, Koen Ponnet, Fatemeh Bakhtari
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
Health Knowledge
Attitudes
Practice
Danger control
Cross-sectional study
Social Sciences
Iran
0302 clinical medicine
Sociology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Fear control
Behavior response
education.field_of_study
Coronavirus disease 2019
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Middle Aged
Female
Public Health
0305 other medical science
Risk assessment
Coronavirus Infections
Clinical psychology
Research Article
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Population
Pneumonia
Viral
Models
Psychological
Risk Assessment
03 medical and health sciences
Betacoronavirus
Young Adult
Humans
education
Socioeconomic status
Pandemics
030505 public health
Descriptive statistics
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
Public health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
COVID-19
Correction
lcsh:RA1-1270
Risk perception
Cross-Sectional Studies
Socioeconomic Factors
Human medicine
Biostatistics
Extended parallel process model
business
Zdroj: BMC PUBLIC HEALTH
BMC Public Health
BMC public health
BMC Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020)
ISSN: 1471-2458
Popis: Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a major global public health challenge. This study aimed to investigate on how people perceive the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) and to find out how this might contribute to possible behavioral responses to the prevention and control of the disease. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran during March and April 2020. Participants were recruited via online applications using a number of platforms such as Telegram, WhatsApp, and Instagram asking people to take part in the study. To collect data an electronic self-designed questionnaire based on the EPPM was used in order to measure the risk perception (efficacy, defensive responses, perceived threat) related to the COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), were used to explore the data. Results A total of 3727 individuals with a mean age (SD) of 37.0 (11.1) years participated in the study. The results revealed significant differences in efficacy, defensive responses and perceived threat among different population groups particularly among those aged 60 and over. Women had significantly higher scores than men on some aspects such as self-efficacy, reactance, and avoidance but men had higher perceived susceptibility scores compared to women. Overall 56.4% of participants were engaged in danger control (preventive behavior) while the remaining 43.6% were engaged in fear control (non-preventive behavior) process. Conclusion More than half of all participants motivated by danger control. This indicated that more than half of participants had high perceived efficacy (i.e., self-efficacy and response efficacy). Self-efficacy scores were significantly higher among participants who were older, female, single, lived in rural areas, and had good economic status. The results suggest that socioeconomic and demographic factors are the main determinants of the COVID-19 risk perception. Indeed, targeted interventions are essential for controlling the pandemic.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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