Flight Capacity of the Walnut Twig Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) on a Laboratory Flight Mill
| Autor: | Andrea R. Hefty, Robert C. Venette, Aubree M. Kees, Brian H. Aukema, Steven J. Seybold |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Male Flight mill 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Random Allocation Walnut twig beetle medicine Animals Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Pterocarya Geosmithia morbida Ecology biology fungi Age Factors biology.organism_classification medicine.disease 010602 entomology Horticulture Insect Science Thousand cankers disease Flight Animal Biological dispersal Weevils Female PEST analysis Animal Distribution Juglans |
| Zdroj: | Environmental entomology. 46(3) |
| ISSN: | 1938-2936 |
| Popis: | The walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman, and associated fungus Geosmithia morbida Kolařik, Freeland, Utley, & Tisserat constitute the insect-fungal complex that causes thousand cankers disease in walnut, Juglans spp., and wingnut, Pterocarya spp. Thousand cankers disease is responsible for the decline of Juglans species throughout the western United States and more recently, the eastern United States and northern Italy. We examined the flight capacity of P. juglandis over 24-h trials on a flight mill in the laboratory. The maximum total flight distance observed was ∼3.6 km in 24 h; however, the mean and median distances flown by beetles that initiated flight were ∼372 m and ∼158 m, respectively. Beetles flew for 34 min on average within a 24-h flight trial. Male and female flight capacities were similar, even though males were larger than females (0.64 vs. 0.57 mm pronotal width). Age postemergence had no effect on flight distance, flight time, or mean flight velocity. The propensity to fly, however, decreased with age. We integrated results of flight distance with propensity to fly as beetles aged in a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the maximum dispersal capacity over 5 d, assuming no mortality. Only 1% of the insects would be expected to fly >2 km, whereas one-third of the insects were estimated to fly |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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