Predicting Spontaneous Emulsification in Saltwater Environments Using the HLD Model
| Autor: | Kendra A. Erk, Cole R. Davis, Carlos J. Martinez, John A. Howarter |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
Nucleation Surfaces and Interfaces Condensed Matter Physics Micelle Nonylphenol chemistry.chemical_compound Dynamic light scattering chemistry Pulmonary surfactant Chemical engineering Emulsion Electrochemistry medicine General Materials Science Swelling medicine.symptom Spectroscopy |
| Zdroj: | Langmuir. 37:8866-8875 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5827 0743-7463 |
| Popis: | Spontaneous emulsification of toluene with nonylphenol polyethoxylate (NPE) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) surfactants in saltwater environments was studied. NaCl promoted the spontaneous emulsification of an otherwise non-spontaneous SDBS-toluene system. Dynamic light scattering and turbidity indicated that spontaneity increased with NaCl concentration. The mechanism of spontaneous emulsification was dependent on surfactant type; NPE emulsified via micelle swelling, and SDBS emulsified via nucleation and growth. Hydrophilic lipophilic difference (HLD) calculations were used to model spontaneous emulsification and spontaneity. As HLD approached zero, conditions became more favorable for spontaneous emulsification. Between HLD values of -2.4 and -2.05, samples transitioned from non-spontaneous to spontaneous. This study aids in predicting spontaneous emulsion formation in saltwater environments for applications in nanoemulsion formation and wastewater remediation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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