Lower Levels of ABO Anti-A and Anti-B of IgM, IgG and IgA Isotypes in the Serum but Not the Saliva of COVID-19 Convalescents

Autor: Eva M. Matzhold, Günther F. Körmöczi, Chiara Banfi, Marlies Schönbacher, Camilla Drexler-Helmberg, Ivo Steinmetz, Andrea Berghold, Peter Schlenke, Gabriel E. Wagner, Anja Stoisser, Barbara Kleinhappl, Wolfgang R. Mayr, Thomas Wagner
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Clinical Medicine; Volume 11; Issue 15; Pages: 4513
ISSN: 2077-0383
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154513
Popis: Individuals with ABO type O, naturally possessing anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their serum, are underrepresented among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared with healthy controls. The ABO antibodies might play a role in the viral transmission. Therefore, we aimed to quantify anti-A/anti-B, including their subclasses IgM, IgG and IgA, in the serum and saliva of Caucasians (n = 187) after mild COVID-19 to compare them with individuals who had never been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Two samples were collected within two months after the diagnosis (median days: 44) and two months later. ABO antibodies were determined by flow cytometry. Additionally, total IgA in saliva and antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 were tested by ELISA. COVID-19 convalescents had significantly lower levels of anti-A/anti-B IgM, IgG and IgA in their serum than control subjects (p < 0.001). Interestingly, no significant differences were observed in saliva. ABO antibody levels remained stable over the period considered. No relation of ABO to the level of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies was observed. Total IgA was lower in convalescents than in controls (p = 0.038). Whereas ABO antibodies in the saliva may not contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, individual pre-existing high serum concentrations of anti-A/anti-B may have a protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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