A New Threat to Dopamine Neurons: The Downside of Artificial Light
| Autor: | Rodolfo Rossi, Maria Francesca Coppolino, Roberto Maggio, Marco Scarselli, Biancamaria Longoni, Francesco Petragnano, Mario Rossi, Gabriella Aloisi, Francesco Marampon, Irene Fasciani |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Parkinson's disease artificial light dopamine neurons melatonin opsins photoactivation Light pollution Substantia nigra Biology Neuroprotection Melatonin 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neuromelanin Dopamine medicine Animals Dopaminergic Neurons General Neuroscience Dopaminergic Parkinson Disease medicine.disease Circadian Rhythm Substantia Nigra Neuroprotective Agents 030104 developmental biology Settore MED/25 nervous system Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Popis: | Growing awareness of adverse impacts of artificial light on human health has led to recognize light pollution as a significant global environmental issue. Despite, a large number of studies in rodent and monkey models of Parkinson's disease have reported that near infrared light has neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons, recent findings have shown that prolonged exposure of rodents and birds to fluorescent artificial light results in an increase of neuromelanin granules in substantia nigra and loss of dopaminergic neurons. The observed detrimental effect seems to be dependent on a direct effect of light on the substantia nigra rather than a secondary effect of the alterations of circadian rhythms. Moreover, inferences from animal models to human studies have shown a positive correlation between the prevalence of Parkinson's disease and light pollution. The present article discusses experimental evidence supporting a potentially deleterious impact of light on dopaminergic neurons and highlights the mechanisms whereby light might damage neuronal tissue. Moreover, it analyses epidemiological evidence that suggests light pollution to be an environmental risk factor for Parkinson's disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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