Genome and evolution of the shade‐requiring medicinal herb Panax ginseng
| Autor: | Tae-Jin Yang, Andrew H. Paterson, Beom-Soon Choi, Jin-Kyung Kim, Changsoo Kim, Jee Young Park, Eunyoung Seo, Kyung-Hee Kim, Deok-Chun Yang, Dong-Yup Lee, Hana Lee, Meiyappan Lakshmanan, Seungill Kim, Yeisoo Yu, Yong-Min Kim, Murukarthick Jayakodi, Tae-Ho Lee, Youn-Il Park, Hyun-Seung Park, Dong Yun Hyun, Sang Choon Lee, Junki Lee, Young-Chang Kim, Hyun Uk Kim, Nomar Espinosa Waminal, Rod A. Wing, Heui Soo Kim, In Seo Kim, Sampath Perumal, Lokanand Koduru, Moon Soo Soh, Doil Choi, Daniel S. Park, Hyun Jo Koo, Kyo Bin Kang, Nam-Hoon Kim, Yun Sun Lee, Yi Lee, Binh van Nguyen, Ho Jun Joh, Woojong Jang, Hyun Hee Kim, Jun Gyo In, Sang Hyun Sung |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Ginsenosides Adaptation Biological Panax Plant Science adaptation Genes Plant 01 natural sciences Genome 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Ginseng metabolic network Genes Chloroplast Botany evolution Gene Research Articles Apiaceae biology Panax ginseng food and beverages biology.organism_classification Biological Evolution Diploidy Tetraploidy 030104 developmental biology chemistry Ginsenoside Araliaceae Ploidy Adaptation Agronomy and Crop Science Genome Plant 010606 plant biology & botany Biotechnology Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Plant Biotechnology Journal |
| ISSN: | 1467-7652 1467-7644 |
| Popis: | Summary Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, reputed as the king of medicinal herbs, has slow growth, long generation time, low seed production and complicated genome structure that hamper its study. Here, we unveil the genomic architecture of tetraploid P. ginseng by de novo genome assembly, representing 2.98 Gbp with 59 352 annotated genes. Resequencing data indicated that diploid Panax species diverged in association with global warming in Southern Asia, and two North American species evolved via two intercontinental migrations. Two whole genome duplications (WGD) occurred in the family Araliaceae (including Panax) after divergence with the Apiaceae, the more recent one contributing to the ability of P. ginseng to overwinter, enabling it to spread broadly through the Northern Hemisphere. Functional and evolutionary analyses suggest that production of pharmacologically important dammarane‐type ginsenosides originated in Panax and are produced largely in shoot tissues and transported to roots; that newly evolved P. ginseng fatty acid desaturases increase freezing tolerance; and that unprecedented retention of chlorophyll a/b binding protein genes enables efficient photosynthesis under low light. A genome‐scale metabolic network provides a holistic view of Panax ginsenoside biosynthesis. This study provides valuable resources for improving medicinal values of ginseng either through genomics‐assisted breeding or metabolic engineering. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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