Role of therapeutic drug monitoring in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection and end-stage liver disease undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation
Pharmacological interactions between protease inhibitors and tacrolimus require careful monitoring to prevent toxicity in the posttransplantation period. A 42-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and end-stage liver disease due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) received an orthotopic liver transplant. At the time of surgery the patient was on triple antiretroviral therapy (tenofovir, lamivudine, and lopinavir/ritonavir) with a stable CD4 + count (>500 cells/mm 3 ) and HIV-1 RNA (