Adolescent neurodevelopment and substance use: Receptor expression and behavioral consequences
| Autor: | Jibran Y. Khokhar, Bryan W. Jenkins, Shahnaza Hamidullah, Hayley H. A. Thorpe |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Nicotine Adolescent Substance-Related Disorders media_common.quotation_subject Receptor expression Context (language use) Neurotransmission 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Animals Humans Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Neurotransmitter Cannabis media_common Pharmacology Ethanol biology business.industry Addiction Brain Cognition biology.organism_classification Receptors Neurotransmitter Analgesics Opioid 030104 developmental biology chemistry Adolescent Behavior 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis business Neuroscience medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 206:107431 |
| ISSN: | 0163-7258 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107431 |
| Popis: | Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood, during which extensive brain development occurs. Since this period also overlaps with the initiation of drug use, it is important to consider how substance use during this time might produce long-term neurobiological alterations, especially against the backdrop of developmental changes in neurotransmission. Alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, and opioids all produce marked changes in the expression and function of the neurotransmitter and receptor systems with which they interact. These acute and chronic alterations also contribute to behavioral consequences ranging from increased addiction risk to cognitive or neuropsychiatric behavioral dysfunctions. The current review provides an in-depth overview and update of the developmental changes in neurotransmission during adolescence, as well as the impact of drug exposure during this neurodevelopmental window. While most of these factors have been studied in animal models, which are the focus of this review, future longitudinal studies in humans that assess neural function and behavior will help to confirm pre-clinical findings. Furthermore, the neural changes induced by each drug should also be considered in the context of other contributing factors, such as sex. Further understanding of these consequences can help in the identification of novel approaches for preventing and reversing the neurobiological effects of adolescent substance use. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect