A robust nitrifying community in a bioreactor at 50 °C opens up the path for thermophilic nitrogen removal
| Autor: | Eva Spieck, Emilie Courtens, Stefan Schouten, Dietmar H. Pieper, Nico Boon, Pascal Boeckx, Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas, Samuel Bodé, Ruy Jauregui, Siegfried E. Vlaeminck |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Hot Temperature Reactive nitrogen Nitrogen Microorganism 030106 microbiology Wastewater Microbiology DNA Ribosomal 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Bioreactors Ammonia Bioreactor Autotroph Nitrite Fertilizers Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Nitrites Phylogeny Soil Microbiology Autotrophic Processes biology Bacteria High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Sequence Analysis DNA biology.organism_classification Pulp and paper industry Archaea Nitrification Chemistry chemistry Original Article Nitrospira Engineering sciences. Technology Mesophile |
| Zdroj: | The ISME journal : multidisciplinary journal of microbial ecology |
| ISSN: | 1751-7362 |
| Popis: | The increasing production of nitrogen-containing fertilizers is crucial to meet the global food demand, yet high losses of reactive nitrogen associated with the food production/consumption chain progressively deteriorate the natural environment. Currently, mesophilic nitrogen-removing microbes eliminate nitrogen from wastewaters. Although thermophilic nitrifiers have been separately enriched from natural environments, no bioreactors are described that couple these processes for the treatment of nitrogen in hot wastewaters. Samples from composting facilities were used as inoculum for the batch-wise enrichment of thermophilic nitrifiers (350 days). Subsequently, the enrichments were transferred to a bioreactor to obtain a stable, high-rate nitrifying process (560 days). The community contained up to 17% ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOAs) closely related to ‘Candidatus Nitrososphaera gargensis’, and 25% nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOBs) related to Nitrospira calida. Incorporation of 13C-derived bicarbonate into the respective characteristic membrane lipids during nitrification supported their activity as autotrophs. Specific activities up to 198±10 and 894±81 mg N g−1 VSS per day for AOAs and NOBs were measured, where NOBs were 33% more sensitive to free ammonia. The NOBs were extremely sensitive to free nitrous acid, whereas the AOAs could only be inhibited by high nitrite concentrations, independent of the free nitrous acid concentration. The observed difference in product/substrate inhibition could facilitate the development of NOB inhibition strategies to achieve more cost-effective processes such as deammonification. This study describes the enrichment of autotrophic thermophilic nitrifiers from a nutrient-rich environment and the successful operation of a thermophilic nitrifying bioreactor for the first time, facilitating opportunities for thermophilic nitrogen removal biotechnology. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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