Occurrence of Pesticides Associated with an Agricultural Drainage System in a Mediterranean Environment
Autor: | Manuel Miguel Jordán Vidal, María Belén Almendro-Candel, Ignacio Gómez Lucas, Ignacio Melendez-Pastor, Encarni I. Hernández, Jose Navarro-Pedreño |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Mediterranean climate
Technology Irrigation QH301-705.5 QC1-999 Wetland spatial autocorrelation DDT salinity glyphosate Environmental protection General Materials Science Biology (General) Drainage QD1-999 Instrumentation reproductive and urinary physiology Drainage system (agriculture) Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes geography geography.geographical_feature_category business.industry Physics organic chemicals Process Chemistry and Technology General Engineering Pesticide Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Computer Science Applications Chemistry Agriculture irrigation systems Environmental science TA1-2040 business geographic locations Groundwater |
Zdroj: | Applied Sciences Volume 11 Issue 21 Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10212, p 10212 (2021) |
ISSN: | 2076-3417 |
Popis: | Surface water pollution (as a result of pesticides) is a major problem, due to the negative impact on human health and ecosystems. The excessive use and persistence of surface water pollution in the environment may present a notable risk. In this article, DDT and its metabolite DDE hereafter, DDT–DDE), and a commonly used pesticide (herbicide) glyphosate, were analyzed in agricultural drainage waters afterward, a spatial analysis was applied to identify potential areas of high pesticide occurrence in an agricultural Mediterranean coastal floodplain. The spatial distribution of banned (Directive 79/117/EEC), yet highly persistent pesticides in the environment, such as DDT (and metabolites), was compared with the (currently and mostly used) glyphosate. A sequence of various point patterns, spatial analysis methods, and non-parametric statistics, were computed to elucidate the pesticide pollution hotspots. As a reference value, almost 70% of the water samples were above the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline for DDT (and metabolites) for drinking water (1 µg/L), with a maximum of 6.53 µg/L. Our spatial analysis approach revealed a significantly high concentration of DDT–DDE clusters close to wetlands in natural parks, where mosquitos are abundant, and pesticides persist and flow to the surface waters from soil and groundwater pools. Conversely, glyphosate concentrations were below WHO guidelines their spatial patterns were related more toward current agricultural uses in the southern sector of the study area. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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