Insights from Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis in vitro behavior and intercellular communication
| Autor: | Cintia dos Santos de Sousa, Marcelo Ribeiro Alves, Luiza de Oliveira Ramos Pereira, Mariana Côrtes Boité, Liliane S. Pinheiro, Elisa Cupolillo, Hellen C. P. Ramos, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra Romero, Patricia Cuervo, Eduardo Caio Torres-Santos, Renato Porrozzi |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
media_common.quotation_subject Antiprotozoal Agents Drug Resistance Leishmaniasis Cutaneous Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Cell Communication Pharmacology chemistry.chemical_compound Inhibitory Concentration 50 medicine Humans Amastigote Leishmania guyanensis Co-cultivation media_common biology Research Leishmaniasis Molecular mechanisms medicine.disease Leishmania biology.organism_classification In vitro Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis Pentavalent antimonial Infectious Diseases Latin America chemistry Parasitology Treatment failure Antimonial Drug sensitivity |
| Zdroj: | Parasites & Vectors Parasites & Vectors, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1756-3305 |
| Popis: | Background Pentavalent antimonial-based chemotherapy is the first-line approach for leishmaniasis treatment and disease control. Nevertheless antimony-resistant parasites have been reported in some endemic regions. Treatment refractoriness is complex and is associated with patient- and parasite-related variables. Although amastigotes are the parasite stage in the vertebrate host and, thus, exposed to the drug, the stress caused by trivalent antimony in promastigotes has been shown to promote significant modification in expression of several genes involved in various biological processes, which will ultimately affect parasite behavior. Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis is one of the main etiological agents in the Amazon Basin region, with a high relapse rate (approximately 25%). Methods Herein, we conducted several in vitro analyses with L. (V.) guyanensis strains derived from cured and refractory patients after treatment with standardized antimonial therapeutic schemes, in addition to a drug-resistant in vitro-selected strain. Drug sensitivity assessed through Sb(III) half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) assays, growth patterns (with and without drug pressure) and metacyclic-like percentages were determined for all strains and compared to treatment outcomes. Finally, co-cultivation without intercellular contact was followed by parasitic density and Sb(III) IC50 measurements. Results Poor treatment response was correlated with increased Sb(III) IC50 values. The decrease in drug sensitivity was associated with a reduced cell replication rate, increased in vitro growth ability, and higher metacyclic-like proportion. Additionally, in vitro co-cultivation assays demonstrated that intercellular communication enabled lower drug sensitivity and enhanced in vitro growth ability, regardless of direct cell contact. Conclusions Data concerning drug sensitivity in the Viannia subgenus are emerging, and L. (V.) guyanensis plays a pivotal epidemiological role in Latin America. Therefore, investigating the parasitic features potentially related to relapses is urgent. Altogether, the data presented here indicate that all tested strains of L. (V.) guyanensis displayed an association between treatment outcome and in vitro parameters, especially the drug sensitivity. Remarkably, sharing enhanced growth ability and decreased drug sensitivity, without intercellular communication, were demonstrated. Graphical Abstract |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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