Chronic inflammation evoked by pathogenic stimulus during carcinogenesis
| Autor: | Ijaz S. Jamall, Björn L.D.M. Brücher |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Simvastatin
Carcinogenesis HETE medicine.medical_treatment MDA Lipoxygenase Apoptosis Cytochrome P450 RNS PI3K IDO 0302 clinical medicine CYP LTE4 HBV Homeostasis Cdc42 HCC lcsh:Science PGH2 Cancer Phagocytes MMP Aquaporin HSV ROS Sarcoma Colitis ALOX Cyclin Cell biology Cyclooxygenase Virus Crosstalk (biology) Crohn's disease LOXL3 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis HCV PCN Chronic inflammatory response Tumor necrosis factor alpha Adenoma Cdk2 Human papilloma virus PGFF2a S1P 03 medical and health sciences PUMA SK2 BIM AP1 S1PR3 CCC CXCR4 Tissue Helicobacter pylori lcsh:R TXA2 E-cadherin Human herpes virus IL Precancerous niche Colorectal cancer MAPK API2 030104 developmental biology Mutation lcsh:Q Fluke Gastric cancer 0301 basic medicine Lymphoma TNF lcsh:Medicine VZV NF-κB Epstein–Barr virus LTA4 Bacterium VCAM PGD2 Metalloproteinase Leukemia Prostate cancer Hepatitis C virus IL-β1 Interleukin General Engineering LOX Chronic inflammation TOR TGF ERK Cytokine Gastritis LTB4 Adhesion Fibroblast medicine.symptom Signal transduction ICAM Liver cancer Rac1 Hepatitis B virus HPV Blastoma IBD Inflammation Biology Cholangiocellular carcinoma Glycocalyx Polyp EBV medicine Autophagy LTC4 FOXO3a E2F4/5 PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Akt Carcinoma COX HIV ETE Eicosanoide Fibrosis SPhK LTD4 SOX PGG2 Lysyl oxidase |
| Zdroj: | 4 open, Vol 2, p 8 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2557-0250 |
| Popis: | A pathogenic (biological or chemical) stimulus is the earliest information received by a cell that can result in the disruption of homeostasis with consequent development of disease. Chronic inflammation involves many cell types with numerous cytokines and signaling pathways, the release of different components by the cells, and the crosstalk provoked by such stimuli involving subclinical chronic inflammation and is mechanistically manifold. Exosomes secrete chemicals that trigger the epithelium to produce exosome-like nanoparticles promoting chronic inflammation. Small molecules, together with various cytokines, selectively target signaling pathways inducing crosstalk that suppress apoptosis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing has become routine to provide information on the composition and abundance of bacteria found in human tissues and in reservoirs. The deregulation of autophagy with chronic stimulation of inflammation is an early phenomenon in carcinogenesis. The disruption of cell–cell integrity enables transcellular CagA migration and triggers deregulation of autophagy with the net result being chronic inflammation. The complex and insidious nature of chronic inflammation can be seen both inside and outside the cell and even with intracellular nuclear fragments such as chromatin, which itself can elicit a chronic inflammatory response within the cytoplasm and affect autophagy. The ultimate result of unresolved chronic inflammation is fibrosis, a step before tissue remodeling results in the formation of a precancerous niche (PCN). Various pathogenic stimuli associated with different neoplasms result in persistent inflammation. This ongoing disruption of homeostasis in the micromilieu of cells, tissues, and organs is an essential preamble to carcinogenesis and occurs early in that process. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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