Genetic variability of the Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito in El Salvador, vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika

Autor: Melany Murillo Torres, Miguel Moreno, Andrea L. Joyce, Ryan Torres
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
Mycology & Parasitology
Haplogroup
Nucleotide diversity
Mitochondrial DNA cox1
Dengue
0302 clinical medicine
Aedes aegypti
Aedes
Haplotype
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis
Barcode
Eradication
education.field_of_study
Zika Virus Infection
Mitochondrial
DNA Barcoding
Infectious Diseases
Medical Microbiology
Larva
Genetic structure
Public Health and Health Services
Female
030231 tropical medicine
Population
Zoology
Mosquito Vectors
Biology
DNA
Mitochondrial
lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
Vaccine Related
Electron Transport Complex IV
03 medical and health sciences
Zika
Tropical Medicine
Yellow Fever
Genetics
El Salvador
Animals
DNA Barcoding
Taxonomic
Humans
lcsh:RC109-216
Genetic variability
education
Genetic diversity
AFLPs
Prevention
Research
fungi
Taxonomic
Genetic Variation
Central America
DNA
Mitochondrial DNAcox1
biology.organism_classification
Vector-Borne Diseases
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Good Health and Well Being
030104 developmental biology
Genetics
Population
Haplotypes
Chikungunya Fever
Parasitology
Chikungunya
Zdroj: Parasites & Vectors
Parasites & vectors, vol 11, iss 1
Parasites & Vectors, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2018)
ISSN: 1756-3305
Popis: Background Aedes aegypti is associated with dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika viruses. This vector is widespread in tropical and subtropical areas, and can also occur in temperate areas at higher latitudes. The geographical distribution of Ae. aegypti continues to spread due to human activities. This is the first study to examine the population genetic structure of this insect in El Salvador, Central America. Methods Aedes aegypti larvae were collected from six geographical regions of El Salvador: Sonsonate, San Salvador, Chalatenango, Usulután, San Miguel and Morazán. Larvae were raised into adults, identified and preserved. Two molecular markers, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotyping and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) sequencing, were used to investigate population genetic structure. Results Structure analysis found two genetically distinct populations; one occurs predominantly in the north and west, and a mix of two populations occurs in the southeast of the country. Genetic distances ranged from 0.028 (2.8%) to 0.091 (9%), and an AMOVA analysis found 11% variation between populations. Mitochondrial DNA cox1 sequences produced a haplotype network which consisted of 3 haplogroups and 10 haplotypes. Haplogroup 1 had low haplotype and nucleotide diversity and was found in all six regions. Haplogroups 2 and 3 had higher haplotype and nucleotide diversity, and were less abundant; haplogroup 3 was found in only 3 of the six regions studied. Bottleneck tests were significant, suggesting that populations had undergone a recent bottleneck. A maximum likelihood tree, which combined samples from this study with available sequences in GenBank, suggested that two genetically divergent lineages had been introduced. Conclusions Relatively high genetic diversity was found in Ae. aegypti in El Salvador. The mtDNA sequences clustered into two lineages, as found in previous studies. Samples in El Salvador may be introduced from regions in North and South America where past eradication was not complete. Future study of genotypes in surrounding countries would provide a more complete picture of the movement and potential source of introductions of this vector. The distribution of the lineages and haplogroups may further our understanding of the epidemiology of Ae. aegypti associated vector borne diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3226-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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