Prospects and Challenges for T Cell-Based Therapies of HCC
| Autor: | Thomas Wirth, Sophie Anna Engelskircher, Heiner Wedemeyer, Norman Woller |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Carcinoma Hepatocellular CAR therapy QH301-705.5 T cell medicine.medical_treatment T-Lymphocytes Cell Review 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Immunity medicine HBV Biomarkers Tumor Cytotoxic T cell Animals Humans Biology (General) Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Immunologic Surveillance treatment failure Tumor microenvironment business.industry Liver Neoplasms General Medicine Immunotherapy hepatocellular carcinoma medicine.disease tumor surveillance 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure T cell responses 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Hepatocellular carcinoma HCV Cancer research immune checkpoint inhibition chronic hepatitis business |
| Zdroj: | Cells Cells, Vol 10, Iss 1651, p 1651 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4409 |
| Popis: | The scope of therapeutic options for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has recently been expanded by immunotherapeutic regimens. T cell-based therapies, especially in combination with other treatments have achieved far better outcomes compared to conventional treatments alone. However, there is an emerging body of evidence that eliciting T cell responses in immunotherapeutic approaches is insufficient for favorable outcomes. Immune responses in HCC are frequently attenuated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) or may even support tumor progress. Hence, therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors or adoptive cell therapies appear to necessitate additional modification of the TME to unlock their full potential. In this review, we focus on immunotherapeutic strategies, underlying molecular mechanisms of CD8 T cell immunity, and causes of treatment failure in HCC of viral and non-viral origin. Furthermore, we provide an overview of TME features in underlying etiologies of HCC patients that mediate therapy resistance to checkpoint inhibition and discuss strategies from the literature concerning current approaches to these challenges. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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