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Xinchun Wang,1,* Qi Li,2,* Jianbang Kang,1 Donghong Yin,1 Xiaoxia Li,1 Shuyun Wang,1 Qian Guo,1 Yan Song,1 Jing Wang,1 Jinju Duan1 1Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Peopleâs Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jinju Duan, Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86 351 3365713, Email jinjuDuanty@163.comBackground: The data from the China Network Antibacterial Surveillance Center (http://www.chinets.com) showed that the prevalence of Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), and Enterobacter cloacae (ecl), was 18.96%, 14.12%, and 2.74% in 2022, respectively. The resistance rates of E. coli and KP to 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins were 51.7% and 22.1%, to carbapenems was 1.7% and 3.9%, to quinolones was 55.9% in Shanxi. The generation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is a major mechanism resulting in drug resistance in Enterobacterales. To determine the mortality risk factors of multi-drug resistant Enterobacterales (MDRE) and multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) infection.Methods: 91 MDR strains from 91 patients were collected from 2015 to 2019 in the second hospital of Shanxi Medical University. The mortality risk factors for the MDRE infections and clinical outcomes were analyzed by univariable and multivariable analysis. The independent predictors of 30-day mortality were analyzed through the Cox regression analysis including the variables with a value < 0.2.Results: The majority of patients were admitted to ICUs. Pulmonary infection was a major infection (43.96%, 40/91). Thirty-three (36.26%, 33/91) strains of MDR-KP were only detected in 2018. The proportion of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli) and multi-drug resistant Enterobacter cloacae (MDR ecl) were 16.48% (15/91) and 17.58% (16/91), respectively. The presence of cerebrovascular diseases (OR, 4.046; 95%Cl, 1.434â 11.418; P=0.008) and central venous catheterization (OR, 4.543; 95%Cl, 1.338â 15.425; P=0.015) were associated with mortality in patients with MDRE infections. Endotracheal intubation (OR, 4.654; 95%Cl, 1.5â 14.438; P=0.008) was an independent mortality risk factor for patients infected with MDR-KP strains. Patients who received aminoglycoside antibiotics (P=0.057) had a higher 30-day survival rate. The β-lactam antibiotics were the major agent in the clinic.Conclusion: This study implies that patients with cerebrovascular diseases, central venous catheterization, and endotracheal intubation are at risk of carrying MDR isolates.Keywords: multi-drug resistance, Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant, risk factors |
