Hydrogeochemical Characterization and Suitability Assessment of Groundwater: A Case Study in Central Sindh, Pakistan
| Autor: | Zhonghua Tang, Jamil Siddique, Muhammad Faheem, Mehak Fatima, Muhammad Afnan Talib, Asfandyar Shahab |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Irrigation
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 0208 environmental biotechnology Rohri Canal Command Carbonate minerals lcsh:Medicine 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences engineering.material water quality 01 natural sciences Article Groundwater pollution Water Quality Index Humans Pakistan Groundwater hydrogeochemical modeling 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Hydrology groundwater pollution lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Agriculture 020801 environmental engineering Salinity Facies engineering Halite Environmental science Water quality Water Pollutants Chemical central Sindh Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 16 Issue 5 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 5, p 886 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph16050886 |
| Popis: | Groundwater is the most important water resource, on which depends human geo-economic development and survival. Recent environmental changes and anthropogenic activities render groundwater severely vulnerable. Groundwater in Central Sindh, Pakistan, is facing a similar situation. Hydrogeochemical characteristics of the groundwater in the said region were investigated by analyzing 59 groundwater samples via agricultural and drinking indices, using various statistical methods and graphical approaches to identify factors affecting groundwater. Major reactions occurring in the groundwater system were quantified by hydrogeochemical modeling. A statistical summary reveals the abundance of cations is Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+, while the abundance of anions is HCO3&minus > Cl&minus SO42. Groundwater chemistry is mainly of rock dominance. Correlation analysis and graphical relationships between ions reveal that ion exchange and rock weathering such as the dissolution of halite, albite, and dissolution of carbonate minerals are important rock&ndash water interactions, governing the evolution of groundwater chemistry. Hydrochemical facies are predominantly of mixed CaMgCl and Na-Cl type, with few samples of Ca-HCO3 type, which constitutes fresh recharged water. Based on the Water Quality Index (WQI), 28.82% samples were found to be unsuitable for drinking. A United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagram, Wilcox diagram, and other agricultural indices indicate that majority of the groundwater samples fall within the acceptable range for irrigation purposes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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