Evaluation of isotopic boron ( 11 B) for the fabrication of low activation Mg 11 B 2 superconductor for next generation fusion magnets
Autor: | Mislav Mustapić, Yusuke Yamauchi, Arend Nijhuis, Vladimir Levchenko, Vladimir Luzin, Md. Shahriar A. Hossain, Mukter Zaman, Shi Xue Dou, Anvar Valiyaparambil Abdulsalam, Hyunseock Jie, Keun Hwa Chae, Aslam Khan, Hyung‐il Choi, Jung Ho Kim |
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Přispěvatelé: | Energy, Materials and Systems |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Materials science
Analytical chemistry chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology Isotopes of boron superconductors 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound magnesium diboride 0103 physical sciences Materials Chemistry Magnesium diboride Nuclear fusion Boron Diffractometer 010302 applied physics Superconductivity 22/2 OA procedure Fusion power 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Amorphous solid chemistry Ceramics and Composites boron isotope 0210 nano-technology critical current density boron isotope critical current density magnesium diboride superconductors |
Zdroj: | Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 103(10), 5488-5495. Wiley-Blackwell |
ISSN: | 1551-2916 0002-7820 |
Popis: | In this study, we analyze the properties of boron isotope (11B)‐rich powders from three different sources, that is, American, Cambridge, and Pavezyum, to fabricate the bulk Mg11B2 superconductors and evaluate their superconducting properties. While 11B‐rich powder is an essential precursor to fabricate Mg11B2 superconductors for fusion magnet applications, the properties of the 11B powder turned out to be critical to determine the quality of the final superconducting product. Therefore, appropriate control of processing conditions is needed to comply with the requirements of the nuclear fusion application. Analysis of the B isotope ratio by accelerator mass spectroscopy and neutron transmission revealed that all three types of powder are enriched with 11B to better than 99 at % quality. In addition, Pavezyum's 11B shows the lowest crystallinity and smallest crystalline domain size as evidenced by the high‐resolution X‐ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. The chemical states of the boron isotope investigated with near edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and X‐ ray photoemission spectroscopy also reveals that Pavezyum boron has amorphous structure. Mg11B2 bulks and multi‐filamentary (12‐ filament) wires have been manufactured, sintered at different temperatures and characterized via the transport critical current density. The wire with Pavezyum 11B shows three times higher current carrying capacity at a particular magnetic field compared to the wire using Cambridge 11B and hence, Pavezyum 11B boron has the potential for manufacturing fusion grade Mg11B2 based magnets. The results of this study demonstrated that Boron powders with higher purity, smaller grain size and lower crystallinity are critical for improving the superconducting and electronic properties of Mg11B2 samples fabricated from the powder. Thus, the low‐ neutron‐activation Mg11B2 is possibly an affordable and technically viable candidate to replace NbTi superconductors in the low field poloidal field and correction coils for the next‐generation fusion reactors. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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