Genophenotypic Factors and Pharmacogenomics in Adverse Drug Reactions
| Autor: | Ramón Cacabelos, Vinogran Naidoo, Lola Corzo, Natalia Cacabelos, Juan C. Carril |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Genotype QH301-705.5 Cost-Benefit Analysis cardiovascular disorders central nervous system disorders Review Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry Drug Development Central Nervous System Diseases Neoplasms Humans cancer Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Biology (General) Molecular Biology QD1-999 Spectroscopy pharmacogenomics adverse drug reactions Organic Chemistry COVID-19 General Medicine Computer Science Applications COVID-19 Drug Treatment Chemistry Phenotype Pharmaceutical Preparations Cardiovascular Diseases Pharmacogenetics Biomarkers cutaneous ADRs |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 13302, p 13302 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) rank as one of the top 10 leading causes of death and illness in developed countries. ADRs show differential features depending upon genotype, age, sex, race, pathology, drug category, route of administration, and drug–drug interactions. Pharmacogenomics (PGx) provides the physician effective clues for optimizing drug efficacy and safety in major problems of health such as cardiovascular disease and associated disorders, cancer and brain disorders. Important aspects to be considered are also the impact of immunopharmacogenomics in cutaneous ADRs as well as the influence of genomic factors associated with COVID-19 and vaccination strategies. Major limitations for the routine use of PGx procedures for ADRs prevention are the lack of education and training in physicians and pharmacists, poor characterization of drug-related PGx, unspecific biomarkers of drug efficacy and toxicity, cost-effectiveness, administrative problems in health organizations, and insufficient regulation for the generalized use of PGx in the clinical setting. The implementation of PGx requires: (i) education of physicians and all other parties involved in the use and benefits of PGx; (ii) prospective studies to demonstrate the benefits of PGx genotyping; (iii) standardization of PGx procedures and development of clinical guidelines; (iv) NGS and microarrays to cover genes with high PGx potential; and (v) new regulations for PGx-related drug development and PGx drug labelling. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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