Factors affecting HBV vaccination in a Medical training College in Kenya: A mixed methods Study

Autor: Leah Chebet Bii, Anne Njeri Maina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Health Knowledge
Attitudes
Practice
Students
Health Occupations
Adolescent
030231 tropical medicine
Population
education
Health care Students
medicine.disease_cause
Health Services Accessibility
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Surveys and Questionnaires
Epidemiology
Health care
Medicine
Humans
Hepatitis B Vaccines
030212 general & internal medicine
Vaccine uptake
Qualitative Research
Schools
Medical
HBV vaccination
Response rate (survey)
Hepatitis B virus
education.field_of_study
business.industry
Public health
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Vaccination
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
lcsh:RA1-1270
Hepatitis B
Kenya
Cross-Sectional Studies
Family medicine
Female
Biostatistics
business
Research Article
Zdroj: BMC Public Health
BMC Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)
ISSN: 1471-2458
Popis: Background Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa with 70 to 90% of the population becoming infected before the age of 40 years. Healthcare workers (HCWs) including healthcare students (HCSs) are at an increased risk of contracting HBV due to occupational exposure. HCSs are especially at a high risk because of their inexperience with infection control procedures and insufficient knowledge about the level of risk when dealing with patients. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, and its recommendation by Kenya’s Ministry of Health, few HCW and students are vaccinated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of awareness, attitude, practices, and access factors on hepatitis B vaccination uptake by HCSs at Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC). Methods This was a concurrent mixed methods study. For the quantitative arm, a structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards HBV disease and vaccination. Accessibility of the HBV vaccine in the participating campuses was also assessed. Two FGDs were carried out: one comprised of student representatives of the participating campuses while the second comprised of members of staff. Quantitative data was analysed using STATA (version 15) while NVIVO (version 11) was used for qualitative data. Results Out of 634 students invited to participate in the study, 487 participated (response rate 76.8%). Majority of the respondents were from Nairobi Campus (44.2%) and from the Department of Nursing (31.2%). HBV vaccine uptake rate was 85.8% while the non-vaccination rate was 14.3%. Full vaccination was reported by only 20.2% of respondents. The major reason for not receiving the recommended doses was the unavailability of the vaccine when students went for it. The qualitative study revealed challenges in the implementation of the vaccination program at KMTC. Conclusions Full vaccination rates remained low despite good knowledge of HBV infection and positive attitude towards vaccination. There is therefore need to streamline vaccination programs in medical colleges to ensure availability and accessibility of the vaccine to healthcare students.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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