Novel layers of RNA polymerase III control affecting tRNA gene transcription in eukaryotes
| Autor: | Magdalena Boguta, Ewa Leśniewska |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Transcription Genetic DNA polymerase Protein Conformation viruses Immunology polymerase assembly Review Article General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology RNA polymerase III 03 medical and health sciences RNA Transfer Transcription (biology) Transcriptional regulation transcription elongation Transcription factor lcsh:QH301-705.5 tRNA Polymerase TFIIIC transcription termination read-through Genetics Invited Review biology General Neuroscience RNA Eukaryota RNA Polymerase III Processivity Repressor Proteins 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) biology.protein Pol III |
| Zdroj: | Open Biology Open Biology, Vol 7, Iss 2 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 2046-2441 |
| Popis: | RNA polymerase III (Pol III) transcribes a limited set of short genes in eukaryotes producing abundant small RNAs, mostly tRNA. The originally defined yeast Pol III transcriptome appears to be expanding owing to the application of new methods. Also, several factors required for assembly and nuclear import of Pol III complex have been identified recently. Models of Pol III based on cryo-electron microscopy reconstructions of distinct Pol III conformations reveal unique features distinguishing Pol III from other polymerases. Novel concepts concerning Pol III functioning involve recruitment of general Pol III-specific transcription factors and distinctive mechanisms of transcription initiation, elongation and termination. Despite the short length of Pol III transcription units, mapping of transcriptionally active Pol III with nucleotide resolution has revealed strikingly uneven polymerase distribution along all genes. This may be related, at least in part, to the transcription factors bound at the internal promoter regions. Pol III uses also a specific negative regulator, Maf1, which binds to polymerase under stress conditions; however, a subset of Pol III genes is not controlled by Maf1. Among other RNA polymerases, Pol III machinery represents unique features related to a short transcript length and high transcription efficiency. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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