n-6 fatty acid-specific and mixed polyunsaturate dietary interventions have different effects on CHD risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
| Autor: | John M. Davis, Christopher E. Ramsden, Sharon Majchrzak, Joseph R. Hibbeln |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Linoleic acid Myocardial Infarction Medicine (miscellaneous) Coronary Disease Biology law.invention Linoleic Acid chemistry.chemical_compound Randomized controlled trial law Risk Factors Internal medicine Statistical significance Fatty Acids Omega-6 Fatty Acids Omega-3 medicine Humans Unsaturated fatty acid Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic chemistry.chemical_classification Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Confounding Dietary Fats Biotechnology chemistry Relative risk Meta-analysis business Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| Zdroj: | The British journal of nutrition. 104(11) |
| ISSN: | 1475-2662 |
| Popis: | Randomised controlled trials (RCT) of mixedn-6 andn-3 PUFA diets, and meta-analyses of their CHD outcomes, have been considered decisive evidence in specifically advising consumption of ‘at least 5–10 % of energy asn-6 PUFA’. Here we (1) performed an extensive literature search and extracted detailed dietary and outcome data enabling a critical examination of all RCT that increased PUFA and reported relevant CHD outcomes; (2) determined if dietary interventions increasedn-6 PUFA with specificity, or increased bothn-3 andn-6 PUFA (i.e. mixedn-3/n-6 PUFA diets); (3) compared mixedn-3/n-6 PUFA ton-6 specific PUFA diets on relevant CHD outcomes in meta-analyses; (4) evaluated the potential confounding role oftrans-fatty acids (TFA).n-3 PUFA intakes were increased substantially in four of eight datasets, and then-6 PUFA linoleic acid was raised with specificity in four datasets.n-3 andn-6 PUFA replaced a combination of TFA and SFA in all eight datasets. For non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI)+CHD death, the pooled risk reduction for mixedn-3/n-6 PUFA diets was 22 % (risk ratio (RR) 0·78; 95 % CI 0·65, 0·93) compared to an increased risk of 13 % forn-6 specific PUFA diets (RR 1·13; 95 % CI 0·84, 1·53). Risk of non-fatal MI+CHD death was significantly higher inn-6 specific PUFA diets compared to mixedn-3/n-6 PUFA diets (P = 0·02). RCT that substitutedn-6 PUFA for TFA and SFA without simultaneously increasingn-3 PUFA produced an increase in risk of death that approached statistical significance (RR 1·16; 95 % CI 0·95, 1·42). Advice to specifically increasen-6 PUFA intake, based on mixedn-3/n-6 RCT data, is unlikely to provide the intended benefits, and may actually increase the risks of CHD and death. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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