The Impact of Sex Chromosome Trisomies (XXX, XXY, XYY) on Early Social Cognition: Social Orienting, Joint Attention, and Theory of Mind

Autor: Hanna Swaab, N Bouw, Nicole Tartaglia, S. van Rijn
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Male
Social Cognition
Joint attention
Young children
Theory of Mind
Trisomy
Neuropsychological Tests
Social orienting
AcademicSubjects/SCI02190
Developmental psychology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cognition
Social cognition
Theory of mind
Eyetracking
medicine
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Attention
Neuropsychological assessment
Child
Sex chromosome trisomy
Sex Chromosomes
medicine.diagnostic_test
AcademicSubjects/SCI01870
05 social sciences
Social change
Infant
General Medicine
Neuropsychological test
Social cue
Psychiatry and Mental health
Clinical Psychology
Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Child
Preschool
Original Empirical Article
Psychology
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Social cognitive theory
050104 developmental & child psychology
Zdroj: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 37(1)
ISSN: 1873-5843
0887-6177
Popis: Objective About 1:650–1,000 children are born with an extra X or Y chromosome (XXX; XXY; XYY), which results in a sex chromosome trisomy (SCT). This study aims to cross-sectionally investigate the impact of SCT on early social cognitive skills. Basic orienting toward social cues, joint attention, and theory of mind (ToM) in young children with SCT were evaluated. Method About 105 children with SCT (range: 1–7 years old) were included in this study, as well as 96 age-matched nonclinical controls. Eyetracking paradigms were used to investigate the eye gaze patterns indicative of joint attention skills and orienting to social interactions. The ToM abilities were measured using the subtest ToM of the Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment, second edition, neuropsychological test battery. Recruitment and assessment took place in the Netherlands and in the United States. Results Eyetracking results revealed difficulties in children with SCT in social orienting. These difficulties were more pronounced in children aged 3 years and older, and in boys with 47,XYY. Difficulties in joint attention were found over all age groups and karyotypes. Children with SCT showed impairments in ToM (26.3% in the [well] below expected level), increasing with age. These impairments did not differ between karyotypes. Conclusions An impact of SCT on social cognitive abilities was found already at an early age, indicating the need for early monitoring and support of early social cognition. Future research should explore the longitudinal trajectories of social development in order to evaluate the predictive relationships between social cognition and outcome later in life in terms of social functioning and the risk for psychopathology.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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