Prescription medication use as a risk factor for motor vehicle collisions: a responsibility study
| Autor: | Kathleen Macnabb, Maria N. Wilson, Herbert Chan, Jeffrey R. Brubacher, Mark Asbridge, Shannon Erdelyi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Automobile Driving medicine.drug_class media_common.quotation_subject Logistic regression 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors 0502 economics and business medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Medical prescription Risk factor media_common Selection bias 050210 logistics & transportation Benzodiazepine British Columbia business.industry Public health 05 social sciences Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Case-control study Accidents Traffic Regression analysis 3. Good health Motor Vehicles Prescriptions Case-Control Studies Emergency medicine business |
| Zdroj: | Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention. 27(4) |
| ISSN: | 1475-5785 |
| Popis: | IntroductionPrevious studies on the effect of prescription medications on MVCs are sparse, not readily applicable to real-world driving and/or subject to strong selection bias. This study examines whether the presence of prescription medication in drivers’ blood is associated with being responsible for MVC.MethodsThis modified case–control study with responsibility analysis compares MVC responsibility rates among drivers with detectable levels of six classes of prescription medications (anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antihistamines, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, opioids) versus those without. Data were collected between January 2010 and July 2016 from emergency departments in British Columbia, Canada. Collision responsibility was assessed using a validated and automated scoring of police collision reports. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine OR of responsibility (analysed in 2018–2019).ResultsUnadjusted regression models show a significant association between anticonvulsants (OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.20 to 3.09; p=0.007), antipsychotics (OR 5.00; 95% CI 1.16 to 21.63; p=0.03) and benzodiazepines (OR 2.99; 95% CI 1.56 to 5.75; p=0.001) with collision responsibility. Fully adjusted models show a significant association between benzodiazepines with collision responsibility (aOR 2.29; 95% CI 1.16 to 4.53; p=0.02) after controlling for driver characteristics, blood alcohol and Δ−9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations, and the presence of other prescription medications. Antidepressants, antihistamines and opioids exhibited no significant associations.ConclusionThere is a moderate increase in the risk of a responsible collision among drivers with detectable levels of benzodiazepines in blood. Physicians and pharmacists should consider collision risk when prescribing or dispensing benzodiazepines. Public education about benzodiazepine use and driving and change to traffic policy and enforcement measures are warranted. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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