Occurrence and production of chloramines in the chlorination of creatinine in aqueous solution
| Autor: | Mariko Tachikawa, Ryoji Sawamura, Takashi Aburada, Masakatsu Tezuka |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
chemistry.chemical_element Urine High-performance liquid chromatography Mass Spectrometry Water Purification chemistry.chemical_compound Methylamines polycyclic compounds Chlorine Waste Management and Disposal Chromatography High Pressure Liquid Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering Creatinine Chloramine Aqueous solution Chromatography Methylamine Ecological Modeling Chloramines Water Pollution Solutions chemistry Benzaldehydes Dichloramine Disinfectants |
| Zdroj: | Water research. 39(2-3) |
| ISSN: | 0043-1354 |
| Popis: | Occurrence and production of stable chloramines in the chlorination of creatinine, a constituent of perspiration and urine, in aqueous media were studied. Creatinine (5×10−5 M) was treated with free chlorine in aqueous solutions at molar ratios of 0.5–8 (chlorine/creatinine) at pH 7.0 at room temperature for several days. At lower ratios of chlorine, two stable N-chlorocreatinine derivatives, which were determined as dichloramine fractions by the DPD method, were isolated by HPLC and identified by EI-MS and 1H-NMR. One was 2-chloroamino-1-methylimidazolin-4-one (creatinine chloramine) and the other was 2-chloroamino-5-hydroxy-1-methylimidazolin-4-one (hydroxycreatinine chloramine). In addition, the formation of methylamine was identified by GC-MS analyses of its imine derivative formed with pentafluorobenzaldehyde. Methylamine forms stable chloramines, which might be determined as mono- and/or di-chloramine fractions together with free chlorine by the DPD method in the reaction mixtures at higher molar ratios of chlorine. In practice, small amounts of methylamine (ca. 19 μg/L) were detected in water samples collected from several swimming pools. Hence, methylamine may be an origin of elusive organic chloramine formed in the chlorination of swimming pools. A probable mechanism of the occurrence and processing of chlorination products of creatinine is suggested. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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