Sensitivity Study of Weather Research and Forecasting Physical Schemes and Evaluation of Cool Coating Effects in Singapore by Weather Research and Forecasting Coupled with Urban Canopy Model Simulations

Autor: Man Pun Wan, Mandi Zhou, Yongping Long, Bing Feng Ng, Xiaoqin Zhang, Eswara V. S. K. K. Donthu
Přispěvatelé: School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N)
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 125
ISSN: 2169-8996
2169-897X
DOI: 10.1029/2019jd031191
Popis: Mesoscale meteorological modeling was conducted to evaluate air temperature at 2‐m above surface (T2), wind speed/direction, and relative humidity (RH) in Singapore, a tropical city, for a dry period. A sensitivity study was conducted to determine the best combination of schemes for the physical modules. The model was used to study the urban heat island (UHI) effect and urban cooling effect by applying cool coating on various urban surfaces. Maximum UHI intensity of 3.2°C is found at nighttime (21:00) at a hot spot in the Commercial/Industrial area. At nighttime, when the UHI effect is generally more intense than daytime, applying cool coating on all urban surfaces can reduce the UHI effect by about 30% in residential areas and about 6% in commercial/industrial areas. Maximum T2 reduction of 3.1°C and surface skin temperature (TSK) reduction of 9.8°C due to cool coating is found at 13:00 at certain locations. The cool urban surfaces reduce radiative heat absorption during daytime, reducing heat storage in urban structures. This leads to subsequent reduction of stored heat release from urban structures, mitigating UHI effect during nighttime. Applying cool coating on horizontal surfaces (roofs and roads) provides more cooling effect than vertical surfaces (walls). Cool roofs provide more cooling effect than cool roads since roofs cover more urban horizontal surfaces than roads do in the current setting. Part of the radiation reflected by cool roads could be absorbed by other urban structures, reducing its cooling effect as compared to cool roofs. Meteorological Service Singapore Ministry of National Development (MND) National Research Foundation (NRF) Published version This research is supported in part by the Singapore Ministry of National Development and the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office under the Land and Liveability National Innovation Challenge (L2 NIC) Research Programme (L2 NIC Award No L2NICCFP2‐2015‐4). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the views of the Singapore Ministry of National Development and National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore. Zhou Mandi and Long Yongping contributed equally to this work. The observations in Singapore were supported by the Meteorological Service Singapore (http://www.weather.gov.sg/).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: