Prevalence and Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression in HIV-Infected and At-Risk Rwandan Women
| Autor: | Henriette Mukanyonga, Kathryn Anastos, Davis Ksahaka Karegeya, Xiaotao Cai, Mardge H. Cohen, Agnes Binagwaho, Melissa A. Culhane, Qiuhu Shi, Mary Fabri, Donald R. Hoover |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Prevalence HIV Infections Comorbidity Severity of Illness Index behavioral disciplines and activities Cohort Studies Life Change Events Stress Disorders Post-Traumatic Young Adult Risk Factors mental disorders Epidemiology medicine Humans Prospective Studies Survivors Psychiatry Prospective cohort study Depression (differential diagnoses) Depression business.industry Rwanda Original Articles General Medicine Middle Aged Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale medicine.disease Sexual abuse Women's Health Female business Stress Psychological Clinical psychology Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Women's Health. 18:1783-1791 |
| ISSN: | 1931-843X 1540-9996 |
| DOI: | 10.1089/jwh.2009.1367 |
| Popis: | During the 1994 Rwandan genocide, rape was used as a weapon of war to transmit HIV. This study measures trauma experiences of Rwandan women and identifies predictors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms.The Rwandan Women's Interassociation Study and Assessment (RWISA) is a prospective observational cohort study designed to assess effectiveness and toxicity of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected Rwandan women. In 2005, a Rwandan-adapted Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were used to assess genocide trauma events and prevalence of PTSD (HTQ mean2) and depressive symptoms (CES-Dor = 16) for 850 women (658 HIV-positive and 192 HIV-negative).PTSD was common in HIV-positive (58%) and HIV-negative women (66%) (p = 0.05). Women with HIV had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms than HIV-negative women (81% vs. 65%, p0.0001). Independent predictors for increased PTSD were experiencing more genocide-related trauma events and having more depressive symptoms. Independent predictors for increased depressive symptoms were making$18 a month, HIV infection (and, among HIV-positive women, having lower CD4 cell counts), a history of genocidal rape, and having more PTSD symptoms.The prevalence of PTSD and depressive symptoms is high in women in the RWISA cohort. Four of five HIV-infected women had depressive symptoms, with highest rates among women with CD4 cell counts200. In addition to treatment with antiretroviral therapy, economic empowerment and identification and treatment of depression and PTSD may reduce morbidity and mortality among women in postconflict countries. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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