Cocaine and other illicit drugs in airborne particulates in urban environments: A reflection of social conduct and population size
| Autor: | Andrés Alastuey, Damià Barceló, N. Cots, Purificación López-Mahía, Begoña Artíñano, Xavier Querol, D. García Gacio, Mar Viana, Cristina Postigo, M. López de Alda |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
Time Factors Substance-Related Disorders Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis media_common.quotation_subject Population Toxicology Heroin Cocaine Environmental health medicine Humans Cities Particle Size Social Behavior Amphetamine education media_common Population Density education.field_of_study Illicit Drugs Population size General Medicine Particulates medicine.disease Pollution Substance abuse Geography Spain Particulate Matter medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Pollution. 159:1241-1247 |
| ISSN: | 0269-7491 |
| Popis: | Levels of cocaine and other psychoactive substances in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) were determined in urban environments representing distinct social behaviours with regard to drug abuse: night-life, university and residential areas. Three cities (with population1 million and0.3 million inhabitants) were selected. Mean daily levels of drugs in PM were 11-336 pg/m3 for cocaine, 23-34 pg/m3 for cannabinoids, and 5-90 pg/m3 for heroin. The highest levels were recorded on weekends, with factors with respect to weekdays of 1-3 for cocaine, 1-2 for cannabinoids and 1.1-1.7 for heroin. Higher levels were detected in the night-life areas, pointing towards consumption and trafficking as major emission sources, and possibly ruling out drug manufacture. The similarities in temporal trends at all sites suggested a city-scale transport of psychoactive substances. Correlations were detected between cocaine and amphetamine consumption (r2=0.98), and between heroin and cannabinoids (r20.82). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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