High-fidelity single- and two-qubit gates for two-electron spin qubits
| Autor: | Cerfontaine, Pascal |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Bluhm, Jörg Hendrik, DiVincenzo, David P. |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Aachen 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 166 Seiten) : Illustrationen, Diagramme (2019). doi:10.18154/RWTH-2019-09348 = Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2019 |
| DOI: | 10.18154/RWTH-2019-09348 |
| Popis: | Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2019; Aachen 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 166 Seiten) : Illustrationen, Diagramme (2019). = Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2019 A key ingredient for fault-tolerant quantum computers are sufficiently accurate logic gates on single and multiple qubits in the presence of decohering noise. In this thesis, we theoretically develop and experimentally demonstrate such high-fidelity quantum gates for semiconductor-based quantum computing. Specifically, we consider a qubit encoded in the singlet and one triplet state of two electron spins in GaAs. While its potential for optical coupling makes GaAs an attractive material, highly auto-correlated magnetic field noise from fluctuating nuclear spins leads to considerably lower coherence times than for Si-based devices, where nuclear spins can be removed by isotopic purification. In addition to noise, the control methods used in earlier experiments are based on unrealistic approximations. For these reasons, fidelities well above 99 %, as required by current quantum error correction (QEC) schemes, have not been obtained before this thesis. To tackle these issues, we extend the filter function formalism to describe quantum gates and processes in the presence of experimentally relevant non-Markovian noise. Since this formalism can consider all relevant noise sources in a computationally efficient manner, it can be used to find optimal control pulses by numerical optimization, leading to predicted single-qubit gate fidelities of 99.9 %. Furthermore, we deal with the considerable control challenges associated with this qubit type by experimental calibration of the optimized control pulses. To this end, we extend our previous experimental gate set calibration (GSC) routine to remove systematic gate errors on an arbitrary number of qubits. We apply the numerically optimized single-qubit control pulses to our GaAs sample and experimentally calibrate them with GSC. This procedure yields an average gate fidelity of 99.50 ± 0.04 % and a low leakage rate of 0.13 ± 0.03 % out of the computational subspace, characterized by randomized benchmarking. We also optimize realistic two-qubit control pulses, considering current control hardware as well as interqubit Coulomb and exchange coupling that cannot be fully turned off. Using measured noise spectra, we show that two-qubit gate fidelities of 99.90 % can be reached in GaAs, while 99.99 % can be achieved in Si. These results demonstrate that high-fidelity gates can be realized even in the presence of nuclear spins as in GaAs. Published by Aachen |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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