COVID-19 containment on a college campus via wastewater-based epidemiology, targeted clinical testing and an intervention
| Autor: | Ian L. Pepper, Charles P. Gerba, Sarah M. Prasek, Samendra P. Sherchan, Erika R. Stark, Gabriel K. Innes, Bradley W. Schmitz, Kristen Pogreba Brown, Ryan Sprissler, Aidan R. Foster, David T. Harris, Walter Q. Betancourt |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Sewer manhole
Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring medicine.medical_specialty Environmental Engineering 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Isolation (health care) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Wastewater 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Article Dormitory Intervention (counseling) Environmental health Epidemiology Humans Environmental Chemistry Medicine Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences SARS-CoV-2 business.industry Outbreak prevention COVID-19 Outbreak Wastewater based epidemiology Pollution RNA Viral business Disease transmission Wastewater surveillance University campus |
| Zdroj: | The Science of the Total Environment |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| Popis: | Wastewater-based epidemiology has potential as an early-warning tool for determining the presence of COVID-19 in a community. The University of Arizona (UArizona) utilized WBE paired with clinical testing as a surveillance tool to monitor the UArizona community for SARS-CoV-2 in near real-time, as students re-entered campus in the fall. Positive detection of virus RNA in wastewater lead to selected clinical testing, identification, and isolation of three infected individuals (one symptomatic and two asymptomatic) that averted potential disease transmission. This case study demonstrated the value of WBE as a tool to efficiently utilize resources for COVID-19 prevention and response. Thus, WBE coupled with targeted clinical testing was further conducted on 13 dorms during the course of the Fall semester (Table 3). In total, 91 wastewater samples resulted in positive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA that successfully provided an early-warning for at least a single new reported case of infection (positive clinical test) among the residents living in the dorm. Overall, WBE proved to be an accurate diagnostic for new cases of COVID-19 with an 82.0% positive predictive value and an 88.9% negative predictive value. Increases in positive wastewater samples and clinical tests were noted following holiday-related activities. However, shelter-in-place policies proved to be effective in reducing the number of daily reported positive wastewater and clinical tests. This case study provides evidence for WBE paired with clinical testing and public health interventions to effectively contain potential outbreaks of COVID-19 in defined communities. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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