Broad and strong memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 in UK convalescent individuals following COVID-19

Autor: Christina Dold, Mariolina Salio, John Frater, Peter Simmonds, Christopher P. Conlon, J Slon-Campos, Z Yin, David I. Stuart, N F Schwabe, Guido C. Paesen, D Dong, Richard J. Cornall, Paul Thomson, T Lockett, Oliver W. Bayfield, U S Rajapaksa, J W Fry, P Supasa, Jonathan M. Grimes, R Levin, Wanwisa Dejnirattisai, Graham S. Ogg, Dannielle Wellington, Openshaw Pjm., Chen Y-L., Hawkins Dedp., P Zhang, Giorgio Napolitani, Tao Dong, J K Baillie, C Liu, Cesar Lopez-Camacho, Paul Sopp, M A Ansari, Alfred A. Antson, Ker D-S., Persephone Borrow, Susanna Dunachie, Andrew J. McMichael, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Yanchun Peng, B Wang, T Rostron, Shona C Moore, Lance Turtle, G Liu, T I de Silva, Krishanthi Subramaniam, Jeremy Ratcliff, Ho L-P., Benedikt M. Kessler, G Kerr, Yuguang Zhao, X Yao, Malcolm G Semple, Gavin R. Screaton, Paul Klenerman, Wayne Paes, R Jing, Alexander J. Mentzer, Y Zhang, Philip J. R. Goulder, Eleanor Barnes, Julian C. Knight
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Nature Immunology
NATURE IMMUNOLOGY
Nat Immunol
ISSN: 1529-2908
Popis: The development of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines and therapeutics will depend on understanding viral immunity. We studied T cell memory in 42 patients following recovery from COVID-19 (28 with mild disease and 14 with severe disease) and 16 unexposed donors, using interferon-γ-based assays with peptides spanning SARS-CoV-2 except ORF1. The breadth and magnitude of T cell responses were significantly higher in severe as compared with mild cases. Total and spike-specific T cell responses correlated with spike-specific antibody responses. We identified 41 peptides containing CD4+ and/or CD8+ epitopes, including six immunodominant regions. Six optimized CD8+ epitopes were defined, with peptide–MHC pentamer-positive cells displaying the central and effector memory phenotype. In mild cases, higher proportions of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells were observed. The identification of T cell responses associated with milder disease will support an understanding of protective immunity and highlights the potential of including non-spike proteins within future COVID-19 vaccine design. Questions have arisen as to whether patients with severe COVID-19 disease can generate a T cell response against SARS-CoV-2. Tao Dong and colleagues report that convalescent patients with COVID-19 harbor functional memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that recognize multiple epitopes that span the viral proteome. CD4+ T cells predominated the memory response in patients with severe disease, whereas higher proportions of CD8+ T cells were found in patients with mild disease.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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