24S-hydroxycholesterol: Cellular effects and variations in brain diseases
| Autor: | Alejandro O. Sodero |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
BIOMARKERS OF BRAIN DISEASE Oxysterol COLESTEROL Neurotransmission Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine CEREBRO medicine NEURODEGENERACION Animals Humans ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER Viability assay BRAIN Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALZHEIMER DISEASE Brain Diseases Catabolism Chemistry CHOLESTEROL Multiple sclerosis Neurodegeneration NEURODEGENERATION Brain purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1 [https] medicine.disease Hydroxycholesterols 030104 developmental biology 24S-HYDROXYCHOLESTEROL ENFERMEDAD CEREBRAL purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https] lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Alzheimer's disease Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Journal of neurochemistry 2020 Repositorio Institucional (UCA) Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina instacron:UCA CONICET Digital (CONICET) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas instacron:CONICET |
| ISSN: | 1471-4159 |
| Popis: | The adult brain exhibit a characteristic cholesterol homeostasis, with low synthesis rate and active catabolism. Brain cholesterol turnover is possible thanks to the action of the enzyme Cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1) or 24-cholesterol hydroxylase, that transforms cholesterol into 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-HC). But before crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), this oxysterol that is the most abundant in the brain can act locally, affecting the functioning of neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and vascular cells. The first part of this review addresses different aspects of 24S-HC production and elimination from the brain. The second part concentrates in the effects of 24S-HC at the cellular level, describing how this oxysterol affects cell viability, amyloid beta production, neurotransmission, and transcriptional activity. Finally, the role of 24S-HC in Alzheimer, Huntington and Parkinson diseases, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as the possibility of using this oxysterol as predictive and/or evolution biomarker in different brain disorders is discussed. Fil: Sodero, Alejandro Omar. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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