Visual features drive the category-specific impairments on categorization tasks in a patient with object agnosia
| Autor: | H. Steven Scholte, Noor Seijdel, Edward H.F. de Haan |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Psychology Other Research (FMG), Brein en Cognitie (Psychologie, FMG), Brain and Cognition |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Cognitive Neuroscience
media_common.quotation_subject Object (grammar) Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Sensory system Convolutional neural network 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Perception medicine Semantic memory Animals Humans Categorical variable 030304 developmental biology media_common 0303 health sciences Brain Semantics Knowledge Categorization Pattern Recognition Visual Agnosia Brain Injuries medicine.symptom Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Neuropsychologia, 161:108017. Elsevier Neuropsychologia |
| ISSN: | 1873-3514 0028-3932 |
| Popis: | Object and scene recognition both require mapping of incoming sensory information to existing conceptual knowledge about the world. A notable finding in brain-damaged patients is that they may show differentially impaired performance for specific categories, such as for “living exemplars”. While numerous patients with category-specific impairments have been reported, the explanations for these deficits remain controversial. In the current study, we investigate the ability of a brain injured patient with a well-established category-specific impairment of semantic memory to perform two categorization experiments: ‘natural’ vs. ‘manmade’ scenes (experiment 1) and objects (experiment 2). Our findings show that the pattern of categorical impairment does not respect the natural versus manmade distinction. This suggests that the impairments may be better explained by differences in visual features, rather than by category membership. Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) as ‘artificial animal models’ we further explored this idea. Results indicated that DCNNs with ‘lesions’ in higher order layers showed similar response patterns, with decreased relative performance for manmade scenes (experiment 1) and natural objects (experiment 2), even though they have no semantic category knowledge, apart from a mapping between pictures and labels. Collectively, these results suggest that the direction of category-effects to a large extent depends, at least in MS′ case, on the degree of perceptual differentiation called for, and not semantic knowledge. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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