3D-Printed Liquid Cell Resonator with Piezoelectric Actuation for In-Line Density-Viscosity Measurements
| Autor: | Víctor Ruiz-Díez, Jaime Velasco, J. Hernando-García, José Luis Sánchez-Rojas, J. Toledo |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
3D-printing Acoustics PZT TP1-1185 actuators Biochemistry Article Analytical Chemistry Viscosity Resonator in-line low-cost Electric Impedance Miniaturization Electrical and Electronic Engineering Instrumentation Electrical impedance Electronic circuit density Oscillation Chemical technology Piezoelectricity Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics oscillator circuit Vibration monitoring Printing Three-Dimensional viscosity piezoelectric |
| Zdroj: | Sensors Volume 21 Issue 22 Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 7654, p 7654 (2021) Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) |
| ISSN: | 1424-8220 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/s21227654 |
| Popis: | The in-line monitoring of liquid properties, such as density and viscosity, is a key process in many industrial areas such as agro-food, automotive or biotechnology, requiring real-time automation, low-cost and miniaturization, while maintaining a level of accuracy and resolution comparable to benchtop instruments. In this paper, 3D-printed cuboid-shaped liquid cells featuring a rectangular vibrating plate in one of the sides, actuated by PZT piezoelectric layers, were designed, fabricated and tested. The device was resonantly excited in the 3rd-order roof tile-shaped vibration mode of the plate and validated as a density-viscosity sensor. Furthermore, conditioning circuits were designed to adapt the impedance of the resonator and to cancel parasitic effects. This allowed us to implement a phase-locked loop-based oscillator circuit whose oscillation frequency and voltage amplitude could be calibrated against density and viscosity of the liquid flowing through the cell. To demonstrate the performance, the sensor was calibrated with a set of artificial model solutions of grape must, representing stages of a wine fermentation process. Our results demonstrate the high potential of the low-cost sensor to detect the decrease in sugar and the increase in ethanol concentrations during a grape must fermentation, with a resolution of 10 µg/mL and 3 µPa·s as upper limits for the density and viscosity, respectively. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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