Imperfect and askew: A review of asymmetric genitalia in araneomorph spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae)
| Autor: | Jeremy A. Miller, Menno Schilthuizen, Booppa Petcharad, Francisco Andres Rivera-Quiroz |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Physiology 01 natural sciences Sexual Behavior Animal Entelegynae Animal Cells Reproductive Physiology Copulation Medicine and Health Sciences Data Management Sex Characteristics Multidisciplinary biology Bilateral asymmetry Eukaryota Spiders Insects Sexual behavior Medicine Taxonomy (biology) Anatomy Cellular Types Genital Anatomy Research Article Computer and Information Sciences Arthropoda Science 010607 zoology Araneomorphae 010603 evolutionary biology Vulva Arachnida Animals Genitalia Taxonomy Evolutionary Biology Spider Male Genitals Evolutionary Developmental Biology Reproductive System Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Invertebrates Sperm Germ Cells Evolutionary biology Literature survey Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, 15(6), e0220354 PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 6, p e0220354 (2020) PLoS ONE |
| Popis: | Bilateral asymmetry in the genitalia is a rare but widely dispersed phenomenon in the animal tree of life. In arthropods, occurrences vary greatly from one group to another and there seems to be no common explanation for all the independent origins. In spiders, genital asymmetry appears to be especially rare. Most known species show almost perfectly symmetrical genitals with the right and left sides being mirror images of each other. However, some examples of asymmetric genitalia have been studied and many other reports are scattered in the taxonomic literature. Based on a broad literature survey, we found several species in thirteen families with evidence of genital asymmetry, mostly expressed only in females. Our review suggests that spider genital asymmetries, although rare, are more common than previously thought and taxonomic descriptions and illustrations are a useful but not entirely reliable tool for studying them. Here we also report on directional asymmetry in the liocranid spider Teutamus politus, the first known case of morphologically asymmetric male genitals in Entelegynae spiders. Generalities, evolution and categorization of asymmetry in spiders are further discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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