Suppression or Activation of Immune Responses by Predicted Secreted Proteins of the Soybean Rust Pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi
Autor: | James P. Grayczyk, Steven A. Whitham, Doil Choi, Janina M. Seitz, Kerry F. Pedley, Ralf T. Voegele, Y. H. Lee, Thomas J. Baum, Tobias Link, Mingsheng Qi |
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Rok vydání: | 2018 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Physiology Rust (fungus) Nicotiana benthamiana Virulence Saccharomyces cerevisiae 01 natural sciences Microbiology Type three secretion system Fungal Proteins 03 medical and health sciences Haustorium Tobacco Botany Cloning Molecular Bacterial Secretion Systems bcl-2-Associated X Protein Phakopsora pachyrhizi Cell Death biology Effector fungi food and beverages General Medicine biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Soybeans Soybean rust Capsicum Agronomy and Crop Science Subcellular Fractions 010606 plant biology & botany |
Zdroj: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®. 31:163-174 |
ISSN: | 1943-7706 0894-0282 |
Popis: | Rust fungi, such as the soybean rust pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi, are major threats to crop production. They form specialized haustoria that are hyphal structures intimately associated with host-plant cell membranes. These haustoria have roles in acquiring nutrients and secreting effector proteins that manipulate host immune systems. Functional characterization of effector proteins of rust fungi is important for understanding mechanisms that underlie their virulence and pathogenicity. Hundreds of candidate effector proteins have been predicted for rust pathogens, but it is not clear how to prioritize these effector candidates for further characterization. There is a need for high-throughput approaches for screening effector candidates to obtain experimental evidence for effector-like functions, such as the manipulation of host immune systems. We have focused on identifying effector candidates with immune-related functions in the soybean rust fungus P. pachyrhizi. To facilitate the screening of many P. pachyrhizi effector candidates (named PpECs), we used heterologous expression systems, including the bacterial type III secretion system, Agrobacterium infiltration, a plant virus, and a yeast strain, to establish an experimental pipeline for identifying PpECs with immune-related functions and establishing their subcellular localizations. Several PpECs were identified that could suppress or activate immune responses in nonhost Nicotiana benthamiana, N. tabacum, Arabidopsis, tomato, or pepper plants. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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