Shifts in temperature influence how Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infects amphibian larvae

Autor: Andrew R. Blaustein, Deanna H. Olson, Thomas R. Raffel, Michael D. Brawner, Jason R. Rohr, Paul W. Bradley
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0106 biological sciences
Life Cycles
Atmospheric Science
Ranidae
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Pathogenesis
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
01 natural sciences
Larvae
Abundance (ecology)
Medicine and Health Sciences
Pathogen
Fungal Pathogens
Climatology
Larva
Multidisciplinary
Temperature
Eukaryota
Chytridiomycota
Medical Microbiology
Ectotherm
Vertebrates
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Medicine
Frogs
Pathogens
Research Article
Amphibian
Science
Climate Change
Zoology
Mycology
Biology
Toads
Microbiology
010603 evolutionary biology
Amphibians
biology.animal
Animals
Chytridiomycosis
Microbial Pathogens
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Euthanasia
Host (biology)
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Rana aurora
biology.organism_classification
Bufonidae
Mycoses
13. Climate action
Earth Sciences
Developmental Biology
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 9, p e0222237 (2019)
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222237
Popis: Many climate change models predict increases in frequency and magnitude of temperature fluctuations that might impact how ectotherms are affected by disease. Shifts in temperature might especially affect amphibians, a group with populations that have been challenged by several pathogens. Because amphibian hosts invest more in immunity at warmer than cooler temperatures and parasites might acclimate to temperature shifts faster than hosts (creating lags in optimal host immunity), researchers have hypothesized that a temperature shift from cold-to-warm might result in increased amphibian sensitivity to pathogens, whereas a shift from warm-to-cold might result in decreased sensitivity. Support for components of this climate-variability based hypothesis have been provided by prior studies of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) that causes the disease chytridiomycosis in amphibians. We experimentally tested whether temperature shifts before exposure to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) alters susceptibility to the disease chytridiomycosis in the larval stage of two amphibian species-western toads (Anaxyrus boreas) and northern red legged frogs (Rana aurora). Both host species harbored elevated Bd infection intensities under constant cold (15° C) temperature in comparison to constant warm (20° C) temperature. Additionally, both species experienced an increase in Bd infection abundance after shifted from 15° C to 20° C, compared to a constant 20° C but they experienced a decrease in Bd after shifted from 20° C to 15° C, compared to a constant 15° C. These results are in contrast to prior studies of adult amphibians highlighting the potential for species and stage differences in the temperature-dependence of chytridiomycosis.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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