Collaborative damage mapping for emergency response: the role of Cognitive Systems Engineering
| Autor: | Norman Kerle, R. R. Hoffman |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Department of Earth Systems Analysis, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, UT-I-ITC-4DEarth |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Engineering
Poison control Information needs Crowdsourcing Computer security computer.software_genre lcsh:TD1-1066 Task (project management) METIS-295755 Human–computer interaction lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering lcsh:Environmental sciences lcsh:GE1-350 business.industry Instructional design Principal (computer security) lcsh:QE1-996.5 lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation IR-96818 lcsh:Geology lcsh:G ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE Task analysis General Earth and Planetary Sciences The Internet business ITC-GOLD computer |
| Zdroj: | Natural hazards and earth system sciences, 13(1), 97-113. European Geosciences Union Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 97-113 (2013) |
| ISSN: | 1684-9981 1561-8633 |
| Popis: | Remote sensing is increasingly used to assess disaster damage, traditionally by professional image analysts. A recent alternative is crowdsourcing by volunteers experienced in remote sensing, using internet-based mapping portals. We identify a range of problems in current approaches, including how volunteers can best be instructed for the task, ensuring that instructions are accurately understood and translate into valid results, or how the mapping scheme must be adapted for different map user needs. The volunteers, the mapping organizers, and the map users all perform complex cognitive tasks, yet little is known about the actual information needs of the users. We also identify problematic assumptions about the capabilities of the volunteers, principally related to the ability to perform the mapping, and to understand mapping instructions unambiguously. We propose that any robust scheme for collaborative damage mapping must rely on Cognitive Systems Engineering and its principal method, Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA), to understand the information and decision requirements of the map and image users, and how the volunteers can be optimally instructed and their mapping contributions merged into suitable map products. We recommend an iterative approach involving map users, remote sensing specialists, cognitive systems engineers and instructional designers, as well as experimental psychologists. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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