Marketing of breast-milk substitutes in Zambia: evaluation of compliance to the international regulatory code
| Autor: | Roma Chilengi, R H Mugode, B Mudenda, P Funduluka, Samuel Bosomprah, P A Bwembya |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Cross-sectional study International Cooperation Zambia Health Promotion Breast milk Product Labeling Code (semiotics) Compliance (psychology) 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Primary outcome 030225 pediatrics medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Statutory instrument Marketing Public health Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Infant General Medicine Infant Formula Bottle Feeding International code Cross-Sectional Studies Guideline Adherence Psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of public health (Oxford, England). 40(1) |
| ISSN: | 1741-3850 |
| Popis: | Background We sought to assess the level of non-compliance with the International Code of Marketing breast-milk substitutes (BMS) and/or Statutory Instrument (SI) Number 48 of 2006 of the Laws of Zambia in two suburbs, Kalingalinga and Chelstone, in Zambia. Methods This was a cross sectional survey. Shop owners (80), health workers (8) and mothers (214) were interviewed. BMS labels and advertisements (62) were observed. The primary outcome was mean non-compliance defined as the number of article violations divided by the total 'obtainable' violations. The score ranges from 0 to 1 with 0 representing no violations in all the articles and one representing violations in all the articles. Results A total of 62 BMS were assessed. The mean non-compliance score by manufacturers in terms of violations in labelling of BMS was 0.33 (SD = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.40). These violations were mainly due to labels containing pictures or graphics representing an infant. 80 shops were also assessed with mean non-compliance score in respect of violations in tie-in-sales, special display, and contact with mothers at the shop estimated as 0.14 (SD = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.18). Conclusions Non-compliance with the Code and/or the local SI is high after 10 years of domesticating the Code. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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