Puddles – A trigger for heterogeneous chemical influx into the unsaturated zone
| Autor: | Guy Gasser, Zev Gerstl, Eitan Zentner, Daniel Ronen, Noam Weisbrod |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Sulfamethoxazole Coastal plain Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Aquifer Chloride Soil chemistry.chemical_compound Nitrate Limit of Detection Caffeine Desvenlafaxine Succinate Evapotranspiration Dissolved organic carbon Vadose zone medicine Soil Pollutants Environmental Chemistry Water Pollutants Israel Groundwater Phreatic geography Nitrates geography.geographical_feature_category Sewage Chemistry Electric Conductivity Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Environmental engineering General Medicine General Chemistry Pollution Carbon Carbamazepine Environmental chemistry Water Pollutants Chemical medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 134:217-223 |
| ISSN: | 0045-6535 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.061 |
| Popis: | Spatial heterogeneity in the chemical concentration of interstitial water in the vadose zone was previously observed under apparently homogeneous surface conditions on two leveled fields sprinkler irrigated with treated sewage effluents on the phreatic Coastal Plain aquifer of Israel. This phenomenon greatly hampers the monitoring of groundwater quality. In this study we report on the presence of puddles of different size and shape that were sporadically observed in these fields. Temporal variability noted in the concentration of treated sewage effluents components in the puddles were considered to be related to evapotranspiration and degradation. For example: increases in the electrical conductivity (up to 1.32 mS/cm), and in the concentrations of chloride (up to 521 mg/L), dissolved organic carbon (up to 28.4 mg/L), and carbamazepine (up to 780 ng/L) and decreases in the concentrations of nitrate (up to 20.1 mg/L) and caffeine (3396 ng/L). Variable trends in concentration were observed for sulfamethoxazole, venlafaxine, 10-hydroxy-10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine and o-desmethylvenlafaxine. The presence of puddles was not necessarily related to areas with high irrigation water input. It is postulated that the continuous chemical variability in the puddles, whose location and size are also variable, determine a heterogeneous influx of solutes into the soil and subsequently into the vadose zone. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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