Psychiatric Comorbidity in Children after the 1988: Earthquake in Armenia
| Autor: | Armen K. Goenjian, Micheline Ghurabi, Louis M. Najarian, Joan Rosenbaum Asarnow, Lynn A. Fairbanks, Alan M. Steinberg, Ida Karayan, Robert S. Pynoos |
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| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Comorbidity Severity of Illness Index behavioral disciplines and activities Disasters Stress Disorders Post-Traumatic Psychiatric comorbidity Sex Factors Anxiety Separation Intervention (counseling) mental disorders Developmental and Educational Psychology medicine Humans Child Psychiatry Depression (differential diagnoses) Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Depressive Disorder Separation anxiety disorder Armenia medicine.disease Psychiatry and Mental health El Niño Anxiety Female medicine.symptom Psychology Anxiety disorder Psychopathology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 34:1174-1184 |
| ISSN: | 0890-8567 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/00004583-199509000-00015 |
| Popis: | Objective To determine current rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive disorder, and separation anxiety disorder (SAD) among children 1 years after the 1988 earthquake in Armenia; to determine current rates of comorbid PTSD and depressive disorder; and to assess the contribution of exposure, gender, loss of family members, and loss of residence. Method Two hundred eighteen school-age children from three cities at increasing distances from the epicenter were evaluated using the Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index, the Depression Self-Rating Scale, and the section on SAD from the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents. Results On the basis of these evaluations, high rates of current PTSD, depressive disorder, and their co-occurrence were found among victims residing in the two heavily impacted cities. SAD was comparatively less frequent, although symptoms of SAD had been pervasive throughout the region. Severity of posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions were highly correlated. Extent of loss of family members was independently correlated with each. Conclusion After a catastrophic natural disaster, children are at risk for comorbid PTSD and secondary depression. Based on the findings, an interactive model is proposed of postdisaster psychopathology. Early clinical intervention is recommended to prevent chronic posttraumatic stress reactions and secondary depression. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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